The Carpathian Relations of Italian Cultural Groups at the Transition from Bronze Age to Iron Age - Social and Historical Backgrounds

在研究项目的框架内，亚平宁半岛和喀尔巴阡盆地在青铜时代晚期和铁器时代早期（公元前14/13 - 10/9世纪）的文化关系。被调查。这两个地区的青铜时代晚期和铁器时代早期的共同特征，在过去已经确定，涉及不同的人工制品和生活领域。虽然到目前为止，我们首先讨论的是不同形状的起源和传播问题，但在比较研究中对复杂现象的全面处理也允许更广泛的陈述来描述这些文化关系。在形态趋同的不同发现区域内，有必要在详细分析类型学、年代学、类型史和冶金学的基础上，确定各自的创新文化区。类型和形状的分布以及埋葬和囤积发现的设备组合被纳入跨区域比较，以澄清哪些创新来自具体地区，以及它们在哪些地区被改编。此外，还包括来自外部地区的文化影响，特别是来自地中海东部的文化影响。在最后的分析中，研究解决的问题是，这些关系是一个复杂但连贯的文化现象的表达，还是不同性质的单独现象。包括古老的书面来源的族裔群体在意大利它应该成为可能得出结论的社会和历史背景的这些文化关系的基础上，一个完善的研究基础。

Within the framework of the research project the cultural relationships between the Apennine Peninsula and the Carpathian Basin during Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age (14th/13th - 10th/9th century B.C.) are investigated. The common features of the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age shapes of the two areas, which have been already established in the past, concern different groups of artefacts and areas of life. While until now questions of origin and spread of separate shapes were discussed above all, a comprehensive treatment of the complex phenomenon in a comparative study allows also more extensive statements to characterize these cultural relations. Within different find areas with convergent shapes it is necessary to figure out the respective innovative cultural area on the basis of detailed analyses of typology, chronology, type history and metallurgy. The distribution of types and shapes as well as the combinations of equipment of the burial and hoard finds are incorporated into a supra-regional comparison to clarify which innovations came from concrete areas and in which regions they were adapted though. In addition, cultural influences from outside areas are included to, particularly from the eastern Mediterranean. In the final analysis the study addresses the question whether the relations are expressions of a complex but coherent cultural phenomenon or alternatively are separate phenomena of different character. Including ancient written sources on ethnic groups in Italy it should become possible to draw conclusions on the social and historical backgrounds of these cultural relationships, based on a refined research foundation.