Videocases for Science Teaching Analysis Plus (ViSTA Plus): Efficacy of a Videocase-based, Analysis-of-Practice Teacher Preparation Program

先前的研究表明，当将其他教师实践的特定内容视频案例纳入职前教师的方法课程时，这些视频案例对科学内容知识和教学分析能力产生了积极影响。经验丰富的在职教师在为期一年的专业发展中也出现了类似的结果，其中包括分析他们自己和他人的教学视频，这些教师改变了他们的实践方式，影响了学生的科学学习。新的ViSTA Plus研究探索了一个为期两年的职前/初级教师项目的实施，该项目完全以实践分析为中心，解决了“基于视频案例的实践分析方法对小学科学教师培养的价值是什么？”这一核心研究问题。ViSTA Plus提供了一个独特的基于实践的教师教育版本，它通过对视频案例的脚手架式协作分析使教师沉浸在实践中——从分析其他教师的视频案例开始，然后转向对教师自己的视频案例的协作分析。ViSTA Plus概念框架支持教师使用学生思维和科学内容故事线镜头来分析科学教学，并使用一套教学策略来支持在他们的计划和教学中使用这些镜头。通过这项分析工作，加深了教师对科学内容的认识，培养了分析教与学的能力，提高了教师的教学水平和学生的学习水平。当前的研究采用了一种准实验设计来比较ViSTA Plus计划与传统教师培训计划的影响，这些计划在服务于不同人群的大学中实施，尤其是美国原住民、西班牙裔和低经济地位学生。教师措施是评估科学内容知识（测试前、测试中和测试后），分析科学教学和学习的能力（测试前、测试中和测试后的视频分析任务），以及教学实践（学生教学和第一年教学期间录制的视频课程）。小学生的科学成绩在学生教学期间和第一年教学期间使用前后单元测试进行评估。研究设计通过遵循从教师学习到教学实践再到学生学习的项目影响途径，解决了职前教师准备研究中的一个空白，并在ViSTA Plus的背景下完成了这一工作，ViSTA Plus是一种替代的、基于实践的教师准备方法，从一开始就将教师学习的所有阶段嵌入到实践中。参与这项工作的合作大学渴望重新构想传统的教师培训流程，为该领域提供新的模式。该项目正在制作具体科学的、实践分析的材料（视频案例、方法课程指南、学习小组指南），以支持教师教育工作者和专业发展领导者在大学和地区入门计划中使用ViSTA Plus计划进行专业发展。

Prior studies have demonstrated the positive impact of content-specific videocases of other teachers' practice on science content knowledge and ability to analyze teaching when the videocases are incorporated in the methods courses for preservice teachers. Similar outcomes occurred for experienced, inservice teachers in a year-long professional development that included analyzing video of their own and others' teaching, and these teachers changed their practice in ways that influenced students' science learning. The new ViSTA Plus study explores implementation of a 2-year program for preservice/beginning teachers that is fully centered on learning from an analysis-of-practice perspective, addressing the central research question of "What is the value of a videocase-based, analysis-of-practice approach to elementary science teacher preparation?"ViSTA Plus presents a distinctive version of practice-based teacher education, one that immerses teachers into practice via scaffolded, collaborative analyses of videocases - starting with analysis of other teachers' videocases and moving to collaborative analysis of teachers' own videocases. The ViSTA Plus conceptual framework supports teachers in using Student Thinking and Science Content Storyline Lenses to analyze science teaching and in using a set of teaching strategies that support use of each of these lenses in their planning and teaching. Through this analysis work, teachers deepen their science content knowledge, develop the ability to analyze teaching and learning, and improve their teaching and their students' learning. The current study incorporates a quasi-experimental design to compare the impact of the ViSTA Plus program to that of traditional teacher preparation programs when implemented at universities that serve diverse populations, especially Native American, Hispanic, and low-SES students. Teacher measures are assessing science content knowledge (pre, mid, and posttests), ability to analyze science teaching and learning (pre, mid, and post video analysis tasks), and teaching practice (videorecorded lessons during student teaching and first year of teaching). Elementary students' science achievement is being assessed using pre-post unit tests during student teaching and the first year of teaching.The study design addresses a gap in the research on preservice teacher preparation by following the pathway of program influence from teacher learning to teaching practice to student learning, and accomplishes this in the context of ViSTA Plus, an alternative, practice-based approach to teacher preparation that embeds all phases of teacher learning in practice from the beginning. Partner universities in this effort are eager to reimagine the traditional teacher preparation sequence, offering new models for the field. The project is producing science-specific, analysis-of-practice materials (videocases, methods course guides, study group guides) to support the professional development of teacher educators and professional development leaders using the ViSTA Plus program at universities and in district-based induction programs.