SBIR Phase I: Functionalized Coating Chemistries for the Environment-Responsible Control of Barnacle Biofouling

这个小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目将满足市场对环境兼容的海洋防污涂层技术的需求，这些技术的性能优于最先进的技术。越来越多的环境法规已经导致禁止最有效的海洋防污涂料依赖于毒性作为其作用方式。性能最好的这些涂层含有重金属基有机金属，当释放到环境中持续存在，生物积累，并影响非目标物种。对任何类型的重金属防污方法的审查越来越严格，甚至对非金属杀菌剂的使用也越来越关注，这为我们的无毒素技术提供了一个产品机会，前提是一种机械上不同的生态友好的防污策略。我们的绿色化学工艺的广泛目标和预期结果是创造商业上可行的，生态友好的防污表面技术，用于生物污染控制。通过将先进的材料和制造实践与化学生物学的观点相结合，我们计划创造低成本，耐用，自抛光，低沉降，污垢释放的涂料，适用于严格的海洋应用，包括船体和能源生产海上结构。我们的涂料将采用无毒和零挥发性有机化合物（VOC）系统，引领新一代高效防污技术，比目前的高VOC，金属/杀菌剂中毒方法对环境更负责任。该项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力源于对绿色化学解决方案日益增长的需求，以减少人造结构的生物污染。如果不加以控制，藤壶等生物污物的附着和随后的积聚将严重损害船体、水产养殖遏制系统和海上能源生产装置等结构的性能特征。商业船体的水动力阻力增加，估计每年造成400亿美元的额外燃料成本，浪费自然资源，造成污染。经济的防污技术有可能破坏生态敏感的栖息地，并在由价格点、性能和环境法规定义的商业空间中形成产品机会。我们通过对藤壶胶的化学、生物和分子机理的理解，开发高效、低成本、环保的海洋防污涂料。当与污垢释放特性相结合时，耐用的涂层化学物质能够通过防止生物污垢胶水硬化来减少沉降，这不仅会产生满足社会需求的商业产品，而且还会增强我们对海洋生物污垢问题背后的关键科学和技术原理的理解。参与的专业人员将受益于150亿美元的海洋涂料的多学科技术培训，绿色？领工作产业。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will address the market-driven need for environmentally compatible marine antifouling coating technologies that outperform the state-of-the-art. Increasing environmental regulations have led to the banning of the most effective marine antifouling coatings which rely on toxicity as their mode of action. The best performing of these coatings contain heavy metal-based organometallics which when released into the environment persist, bioaccumulate, and affect non-target species. Increasing scrutiny of any type of heavy metal antifouling approach and growing concerns related to the use of even non-metal biocides has provided a product opportunity for our toxin-free technologies premised on a mechanistically different eco-friendly antifouling strategy. Our broad objective and anticipated outcome from our green chemistry process is the creation of commercially viable, eco-friendly antifouling surface technologies for biofouling control. By integrating advanced materials and manufacturing practices with a chemical biology perspective, we plan to create low cost, durable, self-polishing, low-settlement, foul-release coatings suitable for rigorous marine applications including ship hulls and energy producing offshore structures. Our coatings will employ both non-toxic and zero-volatile organic compound (VOC) systems ushering in new generation of highly effective antifouling technologies that are environmentally more responsible than current high-VOC, metal/biocide poisoning approaches.The broader impact/commercial potential of this project arises from a growing demand for green chemistry solutions to curtail biofouling of manmade structures. If left unchecked, the attachment and subsequent build-up of biofouling organisms, such as barnacles, will severely compromise the performance characteristics of structures such as ship hulls, aquaculture containment systems, and offshore energy-producing devices. Increased hydrodynamic drag on commercial hulls results in estimated excess fuels costs of 40 billion dollars annually and wastes natural resources and contributes to pollution. Economical antifouling technologies have the potential to disruption ecologically sensitive habitats and have shaped a product opportunity in a commercial space defined by price point, performance, and environmental regulations. Our transformative approach to developing effective, low cost, eco-friendly marine antifouling coatings evolved from a chemical biological and molecular mechanistic understanding of barnacle glue. When integrated with foul-release properties, durable coating chemistries capable of reducing settlement by preventing hardening of biofouler glue will result not only in a commercial product addressing a societal need but will also enhance our understanding of key scientific and technological principles underlying the marine biofouling problem. Participating professionals will benefit from multidisciplinary technical training in a 15 billion dollar marine coatings, ?green? collar jobs industry.