Doctoral Dissertation Research: Explaining Variation in Advocacy Efforts by International Nongovernmental Organizations

国际非政府组织（INGO）将宣传工作的重点放在某些问题上，而不是其他问题上，损害的程度并不能解释这种差异。 非理性的人总是围绕着道德关注的一些问题而行动，却忽视了具有类似客观特征的其他问题。该项目将通过一种混合方法研究设计，探讨国际非政府组织在全球卫生和武装冲突这两个问题领域的宣传工作，测试对问题关注程度变化的可能解释，这两个问题都具有重大的公共意义。了解非政府组织对问题和战略的选择很重要，因为非政府组织长期以来一直被认为是国际规范变革的有力推动力。 它们通过自己的实践，为遵守国际法律的标准作出了重要贡献，鉴于执行国际规范的困难，这一贡献尤为重要。这个项目发展了一个国际非政府组织宣传选择的理论，强调影响他们行为的限制和战略考虑。该项目假设，机构的生存动机激励INCIPE响应他们的捐助者选民的偏好，以及他们的要求的预期可能性？实现。此外，该理论强调了微观层面动态的重要性。 创新议程以路径依赖的方式发展，以前的选择限制并启用当前议程。接下来，该项目假设问题获得组织支持，因为组织更有可能做其他组织做的事情。 为了分析INGO的行动主义、其议题选择的原因和路径依赖，本项目构建了第一个定量数据库，允许对特定议题的INGO行动主义进行统计分析。该数据库将有助于那些希望了解INFECT如何选择问题的人，这是许多政策制定者的一个重要问题。

International Nongovernmental Organizations' (INGO) focus advocacy efforts on some issues and not others, and the extent of harm does not explain this variation. INGOs mobilize around some issues of moral concern, but neglect others with similar objective characteristics. The project will test potential explanations of variation in attention to issues via a mixed methods research design that explores INGO advocacy effort in the two issue areas of global health and armed conflicts, both matters of great public import. INGOS' choice of problems and strategies is important to understand because INGOs have long been recognized as potent drivers of international normative change. Through their practices they have made critical contributions to compliance with international legal standards, particularly significant given the difficulty in enforcing international norms. This project develops a theory of INGO advocacy choices that emphasizes the constraints and strategic considerations affecting their behavior. The project hypothesizes that institutional survival motives incentivize INGOs to respond to the preferences of their donor constituency, as well as to the expected likelihood of their demands? realization. In addition, the theory underlines the importance of micro level dynamics. INGOs' agendas evolve in a path dependent way, where previous choices constrain and enable current agenda. Next, this project hypothesizes that issues gain organizational support because organizations are more likely to do what other organizations do. To analyze the activism of INGOs, reasons for their issue choice, and path dependence, this project constructs the first quantitative database allowing for the statistical analysis of issue-specific INGO activism. The database will be useful for those who wish to understand how INGOs choose issues, an important question for many policymakers.