Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Craft Production And Population Movement Interaction

在一个日益全球化的社会中，考古学家在研究跨文化交流方面处于独特的地位。跟踪新思想如何传播，对于理解工匠如何应对技术、接受熟练的生产者和学习新的工作方式具有广泛的意义。人们是否接受、拒绝或修改这些新技术取决于它们是如何引入的，以及这些新技术代表什么。工艺生产的变化成为一个案例，研究思想如何在接触的情况下传播（或未能传播），将自我、身份和文化归属的概念结合在一起。具体而言，本论文论述了美国和墨西哥土著群体如何相互作用，并在文化前沿引入了新的陶器制造技术。现代国际边界人为地分割了目前对这些前西班牙文化的研究，造成了土著居民如何交换思想和商品的不准确形象。此外，边界和语言的差异阻碍了研究人员之间的交流。研究人员关于这些数据的会议报告和出版物将把墨西哥北部的考古研究带给讲英语的观众，减少现代边界对曾经连续的文化的影响。这项研究将由纽约州立大学宾厄姆顿分校的研究生Tanya Chiykowski进行，并将为她的博士论文提供数据。因此，这将进一步促进她的智力和职业发展。史前晚期的美国西南部是战争、移民和身份形成的景观。考古学家研究陶工、材料和技术的运动，通过追踪陶瓷风格，使用地质资源来绘制交换地图，并记录技术风格的历史，来了解这一动荡时期。美国陶艺家开发了广泛的方法和数据库，以解决美国西南部的身份和工艺生产问题；然而，西北墨西哥提出了一个突然终止这些研究问题。在索诺拉，考古学家有公元1300年后人口剧变的明确证据。南亚利桑那州的霍霍坎人迁移到墨西哥索诺拉的祭坛谷，带来了新的陶瓷技术，并取代了居住在马格达莱纳山谷中部的Trincheras人口。虽然在马格达莱纳中部山谷的Cerro de Trincheras发现了大量的霍霍坎陶瓷，表明Trincheras和霍霍坎人群相互作用，但这个过程是如何发生的，以及这些联系的影响都没有得到很好的理解。在Cerro de Trincheras，是什么工艺导致了如此大比例的“外国”陶瓷？研究人员将使用陶瓷岩石学和地理信息系统分析来解决贸易、社区移民和妇女运动的可能性，这些都是引入新技术的激烈争论的机制。

In an increasingly global society archaeologists are uniquely positioned to examine cross-cultural exchange along an extended timescale. Tracking how new ideas spread has broad implications for understanding how artisans respond to technologies, accept skilled producers and learn new ways of doing. Whether populations accept, reject, or modify these new technologies depends on how they are introduced, and what these new technologies represent. Changes in craft production becomes a case study of how ideas are transmitted (or fail to be transmitted) in contact situations, bringing together concepts of self, identity and cultural belonging. Specifically, this dissertation addresses how American and Mexican indigenous groups interacted and introduced new pottery manufacturing technologies across a cultural frontier. The modern international border artificially divides current research on these prehispanic cultures, creating an inaccurate image of how indigenous population exchanged ideas and goods. Additionally, both the border and language divide prevent communication between researchers. The researcher's conference presentations and publications on these data will bring northern Mexican archaeological research to an English-speaking audience, diminishing the effect of the modern boundary on cultures that were once continuous. The research will be conducted by Tanya Chiykowski, a graduate student at SUNY Binghamton and will provide data for her doctoral dissertation thesis. Thus it will further her intellectual and professional advancement.The late prehistoric Southwest US was a landscape of warfare, migration and identity formation. Archaeologists study the movement of potters, materials and techniques to understand this period of upheaval, by tracking ceramic styles, using geologic sourcing to map exchange, and recording the history of technological style. American ceramicists have developed extensive methods and databases to address questions of identity and craft production in the U.S. Southwest; however, Northwest Mexico presents an abrupt termination to these research questions. In Sonora, archaeologists have clear evidence of population upheaval after AD 1300. Southern Arizona Hohokam groups migrated into the Altar Valley in Sonora, Mexico, bringing with them new ceramic technologies and displacing a resident Trincheras population to the Middle Magdalena valley. While the presence of large amounts of Hohokam ceramics at Cerro de Trincheras in the Middle Magdalena valley suggests that Trincheras and Hohokam populations interacted, neither how the process occurred nor the impact of those linkages is well understood. What processes caused such a large percentage of "foreign" ceramics at Cerro de Trincheras? The investigators will use ceramic petrography and GIS analysis to address the likelihood of trade, community migration and the movement of women, all hotly debated mechanisms of introducing new technology.