The Rhine as transport axis. Markets and transports of raw materials and goods in the context of Rhenish river ports during the 1st Millennium AD.

两千多年来，莱茵河一直是欧洲航行最多的水道之一。自罗马帝国时代以来，世界各地的许多货物都被运往中欧，在那里提取的原材料以及该地区的产品都被出口。迄今为止，许多为货物交换而建造的罗马港口设施都没有得到充分的研究。因此，在波恩大学、莱茵兰地区委员会-莱茵兰考古纪念碑保护办公室、莱茵兰地区委员会-波恩国家博物馆、莱茵兰地区委员会-考古遗址和赞滕博物馆、克雷菲尔德的柏林博物馆和科隆市罗马日耳曼博物馆的联合项目范围内，通过自然科学和考古方法对选定的设施进行了检查。一方面，目的是确定港口设施的确切类型和建设，以及生态因素对其可用性的影响。另一方面，以选定的特别重要的货物类型为例，对港口周围地区的经济相互关系进行了审查。此外，莱茵河上许多港口位置的长期使用，有些超过中世纪，可以检查古典时代和中世纪盛期之间过渡时期莱茵河贸易的经济，社会和文化变化的后果。

For more than two thousand years, the Rhine has been one of the most navigated European waterways. Since the time of the Roman Empire, many goods from all over the world have been transported to Central Europe and raw materials extracted there as well as products of the region have been exported. Many of the Roman port facilities built for goods exchange have been insufficiently researched so far. In the scope of a joint project of Bonn University, of the LVR (Rhineland Regional Council)-office for archaeological monument conservation in the Rhineland, of the LVR (Rhineland Regional Council) -State Museum Bonn, the LVR-Archaeological Heritage Site and Museum Xanten, the museum Burg Linn in Krefeld and the Roman-Germanic Museum of the City of Cologne selected facilities are therefore examined by means of natural scientific and archaeological methods. The objective is, on the one hand, to determine the exact type and construction of the port facilities as well as the effects of ecological factors on their usability. On the other hand, the economic interrelations in the surrounding area of the ports are examined on the example of selected particularly significant types of goods. In addition, the long period of usage of many port locations on the Rhine, some beyond the middle ages, allows examination of the consequences of economic, social and cultural changes at the transition period between the classical era and the high middle ages for the Rhine trade.