High-speed 3D Optical Metrology for In-situ Applications

这笔赠款提供资金，用于探索一种新的自动化光学方法，用于精确测量闪亮物体(例如金属部件)的微米精度的三维(3D)结构，并同时为现场应用(例如传感、监测和检查)实时处理3D内容。这项研究的目的是验证这样一个假设，即在三维光学测量和三维信息处理中使用二元离焦技术可以实现更好的精度、更快的速度和更大的灵活性。该方法是1)从理论和实验上研究二元离焦技术，以克服现有3D光学测量方法的局限性；2)探索用于测量有光泽物体表面的自动化3D光学测量框架；3)进一步研究用于现场应用的实时处理3D视频内容的新方法。如果成功，该项目将产生两个主要研究成果：1)用于自动测量难以测量的物体(例如，发光物体)的新型仪器；2)用于3D视频数据处理的新型计算框架。这项拟议的技术将通过提供对物理对象的定量测量来改变许多领域，包括为先进制造(例如，加法制造)和现场检测提供监测、传感和控制；还将为包括医学、计算机科学以及其他工程学科在内的科学领域引入新的范式。从这项研究中获得的知识也将对社会产生许多好处。例如，高速3D传感技术将为现场检测和传感提供一种新的工具，从而大大增强制造业的竞争力。3D摄像机/传感器制造是一个价值数十亿美元的行业，因此将3D摄像机/传感器商业化可能会给美国带来巨大的经济效益。

This grant provides funding to explore a novel automated optical method for precisely measuring three-dimensional (3D) structures at micrometer accuracy for shiny objects (e.g., metal parts) and simultaneously process 3D contents in real time for in-situ applications (e.g. sensing, monitoring, and inspection). The objective of the research is to test the hypothesis that better accuracy, higher speed, and more flexibility can be achieved with the binary defocusing technique for 3D optical metrology and for 3D information processing. The approach is 1) to theoretically and experimentally investigate binary defocusing technique for overcoming the limitations of existing 3D optical metrology methods; 2) to explore an automated 3D optical metrology framework for measuring shiny object surfaces, and 3) to further investigate novel methods to process 3D video contents in real time for in-situ applications. If successful, this project will result in two major research outcomes: 1) a novel instrumentation for automatically measuring objects difficult to be measured (e.g., shiny objects), and 2) a novel computational framework for 3D video data processing. This proposed technique will transform many fields by providing quantitative measure of physical objects including monitoring, sensing, and control for advanced manufacturing (e.g., additive manufacturing) and in-situ inspection; and will also introduce new paradigms to scientific areas including medicine, computer science, as well as other engineering disciplines. Knowledge gained from this research will also have many benefits to the society. For example, the high-speed 3D sensing techniques will drastically strengthen the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry by providing a novel tool for in-situ inspection and sensing. The 3D camera/sensor manufacturing is a multi-billion dollar industry, and thus commercializing 3D camera/sensor could have great economic benefits to the United States.