The Long-Term Socioeconomic Dynamics of Resettlement

经济增长取决于基础设施的发展，使企业能够蓬勃发展和创新。基础设施的发展往往对其所在的社区产生重大影响，例如，交通和能源倡议可能要求这些社区流离失所和重新安置。公众对这些努力的信心取决于减轻这些流离失所社区不平衡的发展结果。科学家对流离失所和重新安置的短期动态了解甚多。这项研究将给科学家们一个难得的机会来了解这些长期的动态。此外，该项目将加强国际科学家团体之间的合作，训练一名研究生掌握以科学为根据和经验收集数据的方法，并提供有利于有关发展和重新安置的公共政策专家的数据。美利坚大学的多洛雷斯·柯尼格博士将带领一个研究小组调查大型基础设施发展项目导致的被迫流离失所和重新安置的长期动态。这项研究将重新审视一个有大量基线数据和分析的地区：马里的马南塔利大坝，该大坝在20世纪80年代末使大量塞内加尔河流域居民流离失所。这些项目询问，被迫流离失所和重新安置的长期影响是否会因重新安置的个人及其后代获得经济和社会资源的机会而有所不同。研究小组与巴马科人类科学研究所的研究人员合作，将追踪1980年代进行的两项移民研究的家庭样本，以及1993- 1994年进行的另一项更大的研究样本。数据将在四个不同的资源获取地点收集，以测试生计和其他决策策略是否有显著差异。将通过访谈和其他民族志数据收集技术收集有关粮食安全、社会经济地位、社会组织和亲属关系、卫生保健和教育机会、消费模式以及一系列其他决策做法的数据。该项目将促进对经济生计及其可持续性以及维持生计和获取资源的社会结构的人类学和其他科学理解。

Economic growth depends of the development of infrastructures that allow for enterprise to thrive and innovate. Infrastructural development often significantly impacts the communities in which it takes place, and transportation and energy initiatives, for example, can require that these communities be displaced and resettled. Public confidence in these efforts depends on the mitigation of uneven development outcomes to these displaced communities. Scientists know much about the short-term dynamics of displacement and resettlement. This research would give scientists a rare opportunity to understand those dynamics over the long-term. In addition, the project would strengthen collaboration among international communities of scientists, train a graduate student in methods of scientifically-grounded and empirical data collection, and contribute data that would be of benefit to public policy experts concerned with development and resettlement. Dr. Dolores Koenig of the American University will lead a team of researchers investigating the long-term dynamics of forced displacement and resettlement resulting from large infrastructural development projects. The research would revisit a region for which there is substantial baseline data and analyses: the Manantali dam in Mali, which displaced large numbers of Senegal River Basin residents in the late 1980s. The projects asks whether the long-term impacts of forced displacement and resettlement vary depending on the access that resettled individuals and their descendants have to economic and social resources. In collaboration with researchers from the Institut des Sciences Humains in Bamako, the research team will track household samples from two studies of migrants conducted in the 1980s, and another larger sample from a study conducted in 1993-94. Date will be gathered at four different sites with varied access to resources, to test whether livelihood and other decision-making strategies differ significantly. Data on food security, socioeconomic status, social organization and kinship, health care and education access, consumption patterns, and a range of other decision-making practices will be collected through interviews and other ethnographic data collection techniques. The project will advance anthropological and other scientific understandings about economic livelihoods and their sustainability, and the social structures that sustain livelihoods and access to resources.