Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials

非技术摘要：材料研究的传统范式集中在平衡或接近平衡的行为。通过两个跨学科研究小组（IRGs），材料动力学与控制中心扩展了这一范式，以了解和控制材料在飞秒到数周的时间内的行为，以及从宏观到原子尺度的尺寸。IRG 1致力于开发和理解结合了联合收割机无机和有机成分的新型复合材料。这些成分之间的相互作用及其对外部环境的响应使材料性能得以调整和重新配置，从而导致可充电电池和过滤膜的应用。IRG 2探索了利用光来控制材料特性的新方法。通过与光的相互作用实现物质的新阶段和量子态，有望实现计算和通信的新技术，并解决材料量子控制方面长期存在的基本科学挑战。通过实践的材料社区的概念，这些研究活动与教育，推广和促进多样性的新举措紧密结合。该中心从事材料研究的小学教师，以提高教师的效能和学生参与科学在形成年龄，从而增加感兴趣的学生的数量和多样性科学，工程和相关领域。通过动手示范和艺术家与材料研究人员之间的合作，将材料科学和技术带给新的观众，否则他们可能不会参与。技术摘要：IRG 1，可重构多孔纳米粒子网络，解决了纳米粒子，聚合物和有机分子的多功能，可重构网络，响应一系列外部刺激。阐明了理解和控制由分子连接器连接的纳米颗粒的组装和重新配置的基本原理，结合理论和实验努力来创建独特的光学，化学或生物材料功能。IRG 2，光驱动的材料，解决了光-物质相互作用，导致在平衡状态下无法获得的材料特性。相和有序状态访问通过光诱导扰动的能量景观，拓扑材料的行为，使光学激发，和形成奇异的量子相进行了探索，提供新的理解和控制光学响应材料。这些IRG的研究进展预计将使基于纳米粒子和大分子集成的响应性可重构材料能够应用于电子，储能，水过滤，光子学和生物学;在理解和应用材料行为方面取得根本性进展，使用时间结构光可访问和可控;以及基于这些进展的通信和信息处理新技术。

Nontechnical Abstract: The traditional paradigm for materials research focuses on behavior in or near equilibrium. Through two Interdisciplinary Research Groups (IRGs), the Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials extends this paradigm to understand and control how materials behave over times ranging from femtoseconds to weeks, and over dimensions extending from macroscopic to atomic scales. IRG 1 addresses the development and understanding of new composite materials that combine inorganic and organic components. Interactions among these constituents and their responses to their external environment enable material properties to be tuned and reconfigured, leading to applications in rechargeable batteries and filtration membranes. IRG 2 explores new approaches for using light to control material properties. The realization of new phases and quantum states of matter via interaction with light is expected to enable new technologies for computing and communications, and to address long-standing fundamental scientific challenges in quantum control of materials. Through the concept of a Materials Community of Practice, these research activities are closely integrated with new initiatives in education, outreach, and the promotion of diversity. The Center engages elementary school teachers in materials research to improve teacher efficacy and student engagement with science at a formative age, and thereby increase the number and diversity of students interested in science, engineering, and related fields. Outreach to the public via hands-on demonstrations and collaborations between artists and materials researchers brings materials science and technology to new audiences who might not otherwise be engaged. And partnerships with industry and the entrepreneurial community provide participants with experiences and connections to prepare them for success in a broad range of careers.Technical abstract: IRG 1, Reconfigurable Porous Nanoparticle Networks, addresses multifunctional, reconfigurable networks of nanoparticles, polymers, and organic molecules that respond to a range of external stimuli. Fundamental principles are elucidated for understanding and controlling the assembly and reconfiguration of nanoparticles connected by molecular linkers, with theoretical and experimental efforts combining to create unique optical, chemical, or biological materials functionality. IRG 2, Materials Driven by Light, addresses light-matter interactions that lead to material properties not accessible in equilibrium. Phases and ordered states accessed via light-induced perturbations to energy landscapes, topological material behavior enabled by optical excitation, and formation of exotic quantum phases are explored to provide new understanding of and control over optically responsive materials. Advances in research from these IRGs are expected to enable responsive, reconfigurable materials based on integration of nanoparticles and macromolecules for applications in electronics, energy storage, water filtration, photonics, and biology; fundamental advances in understanding and applications of material behavior accessible and controllable using temporally structured light; and new technologies for communications and information processing based on these advances.