RCN: Community Network for Volcanic Eruption Response (CONVERSE)

火山爆发对人类生命构成重大危害，并可能对区域和整个国家的经济造成极大破坏。预测和预报火山爆发的潜在成功在很大程度上取决于在最初动荡之前和期间对火山进行充分监测，以及对火山地质历史的详细了解。在过去十年中，在地球物理和地球化学火山监测技术方面取得了重大进展，使我们更好地了解可能导致火山爆发的过程。美国国家科学院最近的一份报告指出，多学科和近实时仪器观测对于在开发基于物理的火山模型方面取得进展至关重要，这些模型可以更准确地预测火山活动。该研究协调网络（RCN）的目标是为美国火山研究界进行协调和跨学科的合作做好准备，以改善火山动荡的检测，并在发生火山喷发时对这些火山喷发做出有效反应，以收集关键数据和样本。RCN专注于学术机构和联邦机构之间的科学社区建设和协调，特别是USGS，但也包括NASA，NOAA和NCAR等其他实体。RCN的目标还包括通过对火山活动过程的多学科调查来帮助解决基础科学问题，例如：1）我们能否通过将观察结果与岩浆动力学的定量模型相结合来充分预测喷发的规模、持续时间和危险？2）我们能否量化火山的生命周期。用这种跨学科的方法可以解决的更广泛的问题是：1）地幔岩浆的产生是如何通过地壳和火山联系起来的？2)岩浆穿越地壳的速度有多快？是什么控制着这些岩浆储存区的位置？;什么是驱动喷发前现象的物理过程？要获得尽可能最好和最完整的数据来解决这些问题，就需要在火山动荡的最初迹象和火山爆发前收集数据，然后在火山爆发期间收集多学科数据和样本。火山爆发应对社区网络的主要参与者（匡威）代表了来自学术界和美国联邦机构的广泛跨学科科学家群体，他们反映了广泛的数据，样本，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响进行评估来支持审查标准。

Volcanic eruptions pose significant hazards to human life and can be extremely disruptive to the economy of regions and entire countries. The potential success of forecasting and prediction of volcanic eruptions strongly hinges on adequate monitoring of the volcano prior to and during the initial unrest, as well as detailed knowledge of the geologic history of the volcano. Significant advances have been made in the past decade with regards to geophysical and geochemical volcano monitoring techniques that have improved our understanding of what processes may lead up to an eruption. A recent report from the National Academies of Sciences identified that multi-disciplinary and near real-time instrumental observations are critical to make progress in the development of physics-based volcano models that allow for more accurate volcanic activity forecasting. This Research Coordination Network (RCN) has the goal to prepare the US Volcano research community for coordinated and interdisciplinary collaborations to improve the detection of volcanic unrest and when eruptions occur enable the effective responses to these eruptions in order to collect key data and samples. The RCN focuses on science community building and coordination between academic institutions and federal agencies, in particular the USGS but also NASA, NOAA, and other entities like NCAR.The RCN also has the goal to help address fundamental science questions through multi-disciplinary investigations of processes during volcanic activity such as: 1) Can we adequately forecast the size, duration, and hazards of eruptions by integrating observations with quantitative models of magma dynamics? and 2) Can we quantify the life cycles of volcanoes. Broader questions that can be tackled with such interdisciplinary approach are: 1) How is mantle magma production connected through the crust and to volcanoes?; 2) How fast do magmas traverse the crust and what controls the location of storage regions of these magmas?; and 3) What are the physical processes that drive pre-eruption phenomena? Obtaining the best possible and most complete data to address these questions requires collection of data during the first signs of volcanic unrest and run-up to eruption, followed by multi-disciplinary collection of data and samples during the eruption. The leading participants in the Community Network for Volcanic Eruption Response (CoNVErSe) represent a broadly interdisciplinary group of scientists from academia and US federal agencies who reflect the wide range of data, samples, instrumentation and modeling that currently characterizes volcano science.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.