EAGER: Behavior under Open List Proportional Representation Systems

这项研究不仅对洪都拉斯的情况，而且对整个地区的民主运作都有影响。大多数拉丁美洲国家都有洪都拉斯目前的一些特点：多党制、政党制度化程度低、政党和选民之间的方案联系薄弱，这使得投票选择非常不稳定，因此选举时可获得的信息起着突出的作用。这一切都是在对选举制度的信心受到侵蚀的背景下发生的，在某种程度上，整个区域都有这种情况。通过个人层面的数据加深对选举过程的理解是更好地理解选民行为以及选民行为如何影响和塑造代表、影响政党的关键。决定和立法结果。意识形态认同、候选人议题立场和政党认同（Campbell et al . 1960）可以帮助选民做出投票选择。然而，当选民必须在政党和候选人之间进行选择时（即公开名单制度），政党的意识形态或问题立场可能无法向选民提供足够的信息。在这种情况下，一些选民可能会依赖于诸如知名度、任职、性别和种族等信息线索，而另一些选民则会简单地采用令人满意的策略来处理选民疲劳现象。除此之外，选票可能不会平等地呈现所有备选方案，或者可能需要不同数量的资源来提供可供选择的方案。或者一些候选人可以根据他们在选票上的位置，或者通过选票上的照片上可见的身体特征而受到青睐。尽管假设所有这些因素都会影响选民的行为是合理的，但我们对选民知之甚少。在这些规则下做决定。在这个项目中，我们使用了一个分层的实际投票样本，这些样本是从洪都拉斯全国超过18.103个投票箱中随机抽取的，其中有600万洪都拉斯人登记投票。分析公开名单制度中实际投下的选票，可以加深我们对选举过程的理解，以及选民如何使用选举规则提供的条款。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This research has implications on the functioning of democracy not only for the Honduran case but for all the region. Most of Latin American countries share some of the feature present in Honduras: multiparty systems, low institutionalization of political parties, weak programmatic links between parties and voters, which makes the vote choices very volatile and hence the information available at the time of the election has a prominent role. This is all against a backdrop of eroded confidence in the electoral system, which is to a certain extent shared across the region. Deepening the understanding of the electoral process through individual-level data is key to better understand voter behavior and how this impacts and shapes representation, influences parties? decisions and legislative outcomes. Ideological identification, candidate issue position and party identification (Campbell et al 1960) can help voters make their voting choice. However, when voters have to choose among parties and candidates within them (i.e. open list systems with panachage), party ideology or issue position may not provide enough information to the voter. In this context, some voters may rely on information cues such as name recognition, incumbency, gender and race among others, while others will simply deploy satisficing strategies to deal with voter fatigue phenomena. In addition to this, ballots may not be presenting all alternatives equally or may demand a different amount of resources for the choices available. Or some candidates can be favored given their placement in the ballot, or by physical attributes visible thought the picture in the ballot. Although it is reasonable to assume all these factors can affect voter behavior, we know very little about voters? decision under these set of rules. In this project we use a stratified sample of actual votes cast randomly selected out of the more than 18.103 ballot boxes across the Honduras, where six million Hondurans were registered to vote. Analyzing actual votes cast in open list systems may provide the means to deepening our understanding of the electoral process and how voters use the provisions offered by the electoral rules.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.