Homogeneous synthesis and nano-structuring of novel zwitterionic polysaccharid carbamates

该项目的目的是基于生物聚合物纤维素、淀粉和葡聚糖的新型两性离子结构的合成和表征。由于离子液体的高效率和可持续性，我们将重点研究这些反应介质中的均质转化。碳酸多糖的氨解反应是产生两性离子生物聚合物的普遍合成策略。在聚合物主链中引入带相反电荷的基团是通过与功能胺的反应实现的。所得衍生物的结构将通过多糖分析的现代方法（特别是核磁共振光谱，包括多维方法，MALDI-TOF， GPC）来表征。除了对聚合物的研究之外，还将对相对低分子量的化合物进行测量，以详细研究碳酸多糖及其相应的氨基甲酸酯。例如，可以获得关于替代模式的信息。此外，将研究产物的超分子结构的形成取决于外部刺激，如pH值，温度和盐浓度。聚合物层可以通过原子力显微镜（AFM）、x射线光电子能谱（XPS）和张力测定法进行表征。获得的纳米颗粒将通过粒径分布分析仪（PSDA）和动态光散射（DLS）进行分析。此外，我们将总结结构-性质-关系。至于在抗生素黏附膜或蛋白质载体系统领域的潜在应用，纳米结构与活细胞的相互作用是人们感兴趣的，应该进行研究。

The aim of the project is the synthesis and characterization of novel zwitterionic structures based on the biopolymers cellulose, starch and dextran. Due to the high efficiency and sustainability of ionic liquids, we will focus on homogenous conversions in these reaction media. The aminolysis of polysaccharide carbonates represents a universal synthesis strategy yielding zwitterionic biopolymers. Introduction of oppositely charged groups in the polymer backbone is realized by reactions with functional amines. The structure of the derivatives obtained will be characterized by means of modern methods of polysaccharide analytics (in particular NMR spectroscopy including multidimensional methods, MALDI-TOF, GPC). Beyond the investigation of the polymers, measurements on compounds of comparatively low molecular weight will be carried out in order to study polysaccharide carbonates and their corresponding carbamates in detail. For example, information about substitution patterns can be obtained. Moreover, the formation of supra-molecular architectures of the products depending on external stimuli, e. g. pH value, temperature, and concentration of salt, will be studied. Polymeric layers could be characterized by means of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and tensiometry. The nanoparticles obtained will be analyzed by a Particle Size Distribution Analyzer (PSDA) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Furthermore, we will conclude on structure-property-relationships. With regard to potential applications in fields of antibioadherent films or carrier systems for proteins the interactions of the nanostructures with living cells is of interest and should be carried out.