Workshop DIG Around: Documenting Infrastructure and the Ground Conditions Around It; Brooklyn, New York; June 24-25, 2019

由于缺乏相关数据的中央存储库和能够同时查看这些数据的计算机系统，管理城市地下空间以实现可持续和抗灾的交通和公用事业使用受到了阻碍。目前，地下数据的采集、集成和可视化存在着主要问题。这些问题涉及(1)文化和法律问题，即谁拥有这些数据，如果数据不正确，谁应承担责任；(2)安全问题；(3)具有完全兼容的数据类型和数据系统所涉及的高度技术问题，这些数据类型和数据系统可以容纳与自然地质和水文有关的各种数据，以及已建成的基础设施。如果没有这样的数据资源，下一代城市基础设施将无法从广泛的新兴技术中受益，这些技术有可能使美国城市更安全，更实惠，更能抵御自然和人为灾害。为此，该奖项将邀请来自学术界和工业界的众多科学家和工程师与政府官员、大数据专家、数据标准组织和社区团体在纽约市举行为期两天的研讨会，以帮助表达这些利益相关者群体的个人需求。第一天将向公众开放，将容纳多达200名参与者，包括当地退伍军人和来自服务欠缺社区的学生。第二天的重点是制作一份文件，以促进对美国城市综合地下文件的问题和挑战的共同理解。一名艺术家和一名科学作家已被聘请来创造传播工具，以帮助确保研讨会的成果将被公众完全理解。城市地下空间是竞争激烈的空间，对大多数城市系统基础设施至关重要，包括水、下水道、燃气、蒸汽、电力、电信和交通（公路和铁路），以及承载建筑基础、地下室和停车场。然而，地下油田不仅缺乏文档记录，而且存在的文档通常保存在孤立的系统中，并且由不兼容或非计算机可读的数据填充。在密集使用的地下空间中，这种糟糕的数据记录和整合现象是创建真正可持续城市系统（SUS）的一个重大障碍，因为这些“无形”资产容易受到洪水、下沉、挖掘事故、退化和忽视失败的影响，而且地下环境不像地上空间那样被分区。开创性的新型SUSs解决方案将需要充分了解现有系统及其周围的约束条件（人造的和自然的）。这需要实现无缝的、可互操作的三维数据存储、可视化和资产管理系统。虽然还没有为市场做好准备，但这种技术确实存在，尽管不是以建筑信息模型（BIM）方法的形式存在，这种方法通常用于单个结构，或者以CityGML的形式存在（通常用于地上，城市规模的表示）。事实上，不仅没有一个被广泛认可的，甚至没有一个主导的方法来记录地下，现在有二十多个相关的（可能是竞争的）计划。有些只考虑构造对象，如燃气公用事业。其他因素仅包括地质或水文因素。其中一些重点关注与现有标准和承诺的兼容性，而另一些则只涵盖针对单个行业或遗留系统的特定于应用程序的支持。最终，如果要在SUS的设计和长期管理方面取得根本性的进步，以及对地下城市空间的开发、分区和管理有更大的了解，包括地热热泵系统的新兴领域，就必须克服这种零零碎碎的文件和数据获取方法。这包括解决关于安全和责任的真正问题，因为许多障碍是基于政策和优先级的。重要的是，到目前为止，还没有一个论坛可以让美国的工程组织、设计师和承包商与资产利益相关者、管理者和急救人员进行交流。“DIG Around”研讨会将是促进这一对话的首个此类活动。为期两天的研讨会以全天向公众开放的活动开始，最后为该领域的专家和主要利益攸关方提供为期一天的机会，起草战略和建议，以将不同的游戏状态转变为更具凝聚力的愿景。作为这项工作的一部分，将确定现有地下数据管理范例和标准的一致性和差距；(2)更广泛地了解有效地下数据共享的挑战和机遇（科学、技术和政策）；(3)在支持开发新的SUS方面的关键科学差距将通过来自第一响应者、关键政府机构、专业标准组织、基于领域的专业协会、社区组织、公用事业公司和研究人员的前所未有的多样化利益相关者的投入来确定。研讨会成果将由一名作家和艺术家撰写，以帮助各层次的城市利益攸关方了解这一关键问题。最后，本次研讨会将为代表美国土木工程师学会地理研究所、DIGGS工作和其他与其他制定相关标准的组织（例如开放地理空间联盟）正式对接的岩土工程界领导人提供第一次论坛。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Managing our urban, subsurface spaces for sustainable and disaster resilient transportation and utility use is hampered by the absence of a central repository for relevant data and of computer systems that enable the simultaneous viewing of such data. Presently, there are major problems associated with the collection, integration, and visualization of subsurface data. These cross the spectrum from (1) cultural and legal issues, with respect to who owns that data and who is liable, if it is not correct, to (2) security concerns, to (3) the highly technical issues involved in having fully compatible data types and data systems that can accommodate intensely varied data related to natural geology and hydrology, as well as that of constructed infrastructure. Without such data resources, the next generation of urban infrastructure will not benefit from the wide range of emerging technologies that have the potential to make American cities safer, more affordable, and more resilient to natural and manmade disasters. To this end, this award will pair a wide range of scientists and engineers from academe and industry with governmental officials, big data specialists, data standards organizations, and community groups for a two-day workshop in New York City to help give voice to the individual needs of each of these groups of stakeholder. The first day will be open to the public and will accommodate as many as 200 participants including local area veterans and students from underserved communities. The second day will focus on crafting a document to promote a common understanding of the problems and challenges surrounding comprehensive subsurface documentation of America's cities. Both an artist and a science writer have been engaged to create dissemination vehicles that will help ensure that the workshop's outcomes will be fully understandable to the general public.Urban subsurfaces are hotly contested spaces essential for the majority of urban system infrastructure including water, sewer, gas, steam, electric, telecommunications, and transit (road and rail), as well as hosting building foundations, basements, and parking garages. Yet, the subsurface is not only under-documented, but what documentation exists is typically held in siloed systems and populated by incompatible or non-computer readable data. This phenomenon of poor data documentation and integration in the intensively used subsurface represents a significant barrier to creating truly sustainable urban systems (SUS), both because these "invisible" assets are vulnerable to floods, subsidence, digging accidents, and failures of degradation and neglect and because the subsurface environment is not zoned akin to aboveground spaces. Pioneering new SUSs solutions will require a full appreciation of both existing systems and their surrounding constraints - built and natural. This demands achieving seamless, interoperable, three-dimensional data storage, visualization, and asset management systems. While not market ready, such technology does exist, though not in the form of a Building Information Model (BIM) approach, which is typically used for individual structures, or in the form of CityGML (commonly used for aboveground, city-scale representation). In fact, not only is there is not a widely agreed upon or even dominant approach for documenting the subsurface, there are now more than two dozen related (and arguably competing) initiatives. Some consider only constructed objects such as gas utilities. Others include only geological or hydrological factors. Some are strongly focused on compatibility with existing standards and undertakings, while others cover only application-specific support for a single industry or legacy system. Ultimately, if there are to be fundamental advances in the design and long-term stewardship of SUS, as well as a larger understanding of the development, zoning, and management of subsurface urban spaces, including the emerging area of geothermal heat pump systems, such piecemeal approaches to documentation and data access will have to be overcome. This includes addressing real concerns about both security and liability, as many of the barriers are based in policy and precedence. Importantly, to date there has not been a forum in which US-based engineering organizations, designers, and contractors interface with the asset stakeholders, stewards, and first responders. The DIG Around workshop will be the first such event to facilitate this dialogue. The two-day workshop begins with a full day event open to the public and concludes with a day-long opportunity for experts in the field and leading stakeholders to draft strategies and recommendations for transforming the disparate state of play into a more cohesive vision. As part of this (1) areas of alignment and gaps in existing subsurface data management paradigms and standards will be identified; (2) a broader understanding of the challenges and opportunities (scientific, technological, and policy-based) for effective subsurface data sharing will be forged; and (3) critical scientific gaps in the support of developing new SUS will be identified with input from an unprecedented diversity of stakeholders from first responders, critical governmental agencies, profession standards organization, domain-based professional societies, community organizations, utility companies, and researchers. Community accessible workshop outcomes will be developed by a writer and artist in order to help urban stakeholders at all levels of engagement and expertise to understand this crucial issue. Finally, this workshop will provide the first forum for leaders in the geotechnical community representing the Geo-institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers, the DIGGS effort, and other undertakings to formally interface with other organizations developing relevant standards (e.g. Open Geospatial Consortium).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.