Collaborative Research: Empowering Open Law and Science

研究透明度通过帮助揭示所有类型研究的严谨性，可靠性和相关性，并使其更具可评估性，在学术研究的所有领域提供了巨大的价值。 从事定性研究的学者有时发现很难使他们的工作透明，即清楚地传达他们用来生成和分析定性数据的细致和系统的研究程序和做法，并清楚地描绘这些数据的证据价值。透明查询注释（ATI）是一种新兴的提高已发表的定性和多方法社会科学透明度的方法，有助于应对这些挑战。该项目旨在开发和测试一种新的软件工具，使学者能够使用ATI来揭示他们生成数据所遵循的程序，阐明他们分析的逻辑，并直接链接到基础数据，如访谈或档案文件。因此，这一工具将有助于研究人员和公众更好地理解和评价定性研究，并使人们更容易获得此类工作所依据的丰富数据。该项目所代表的研究人员、学术数据库和开源软件创建者之间的伙伴关系应该为研究和教育基础设施做出重大贡献。该项目还鼓励知识民主化，增加获得透明度做法、社会科学和法律的奖学金的关键见解和发现以及研究数据的机会。ATI使作者能够使用可互操作的基于Web的注释来注释他们的出版物，这些注释添加了有关其工作的证据基础和分析的有价值的详细信息、来自支持声明的数据源的摘录以及到数据源本身的潜在链接。该项目将开发一个新的开源工具的原型，使学者能够重新结构，编辑和打包注释（Anno-REP）。 Anno-REP将使学者能够在写作过程中的任何时候创建和策划基于网络的注释;表明他们的动机;并将这些注释与他们所伴随的学术工作一起发布在网页上。这些创新将大大简化ATI的使用，促进和鼓励其无缝集成到写作和出版过程中，通过定性研究促进科学进步。该项目将从十位熟悉ATI的学者那里征求对Anno-REP持续开发的反馈，并将通过一个包括20位法律的学者（教师和研究生）的研讨会来评估该工具。为了促进ATI和Anno-REP的使用并加快其在学术上的采用，该项目将鼓励和帮助学者提出使用ATI和Anno-REP进行注释的工作，以便在学科会议上发表。此外，它还将组织一次专题讨论会，讨论使用ATI并分析ATI使用情况的文章，以便提交给顶级法律的期刊，由其进行评审并在其上发表。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响评审标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Research transparency provides immense value across all areas of scholarly inquiry by helping to reveal the rigor, reliability, and relevance of, and to make more evaluable, all types of research. Scholars who engage in qualitative inquiry sometimes find it difficult to make their work transparent, i.e. to clearly communicate the meticulous and systematic research procedures and practices that they employ to generate and analyze qualitative data, and to clearly portray the evidentiary value of those data. Annotation for Transparent Inquiry (ATI), an emerging approach to increasing the transparency of published qualitative and multi-method social science, helps to address those challenges. This project aims to develop and test a new software tool that will empower scholars to use ATI to reveal the procedures they followed to generate data, explicate the logic of their analysis, and directly link to underlying data such as interviews or archival documents. The tool will thus help researchers and the public to better understand and evaluate qualitative research and provide easier access to the rich data underlying such work. The partnership between researchers, academic data repositories, and creators of open-source software that the project represents should make a significant contribution to infrastructure for research and education. The project also encourages intellectual democratization, enhancing access to transparency practices, to key insights and findings in social science and legal scholarship, and to research data. ATI empowers authors to annotate their publications using interoperable web-based annotations that add valuable details about their work’s evidentiary basis and analysis, excerpts from data sources that underlie claims, and potentially links to the data sources themselves. The prototype for a new open-source tool that the project will develop will allow scholars to Restructure, Edit and Package Annotations (Anno-REP). Anno-REP will empower scholars to create and curate web-based annotations at any point in the writing process; signal their motivation; and publish those annotations on a web page in tandem with the scholarly work that they accompany. These innovations will significantly ease the use of ATI and facilitate and encourage its seamless integration into the writing and publishing processes, promoting scientific progress through qualitative inquiry. The project will solicit feedback for Anno-REP’s continued development from ten scholars with familiarity with ATI, and will also evaluate the tool through a workshop including 20 legal scholars (faculty and graduate students). In order to promote the use and hasten the scholarly adoption of both ATI and Anno-REP, the project will encourage and help scholars to propose work that has been annotated using ATI and Anno-REP for presentation at disciplinary conferences. In addition, it will organize a symposium of articles that use, and analyze the use of, ATI for submission to, review by, and publication in a top legal journal.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.