Collaborative Research: Mass transport in Jupiter's magnetosphere -- driven by internal or external processes?

太阳释放出一种叫做太阳风的粒子流。太阳系以行星磁层的形式对太阳风提出了各种各样的障碍。磁球产生于行星的内部磁场，用来偏转来自行星表面的太阳风。来自太阳风的质量撞击磁层，向两极扩散，然后以一种称为磁尾的结构被带到行星后面。木卫一是木星的一颗卫星，它也从内部向其磁层提供粒子，因此它可以用来追踪磁层内部的粒子流动。该项目将利用对硫和钠离子的观测来追踪木星磁层内粒子的扩散，以更好地了解磁层内扩散的过程。该项目将使用专用望远镜进行观测。该项目还将制作一本儿童读物《Misfit Telescope》，并附带一个网站和社交媒体流，以科学仪器多样性的好处为寓言，说明种族和文化包容性的好处。该计划将研究木星周围的木卫一等离子体环面（IPT），以深入了解木星的磁场。该项目将使用Io输入/输出天文台对IPT中的S II和Na线进行时域观测，以确定物质扩散的性质。IoIO是一个小孔径机器人日冕仪，夜间运行，同时在S II中记录IPT的窄带图像。结合IPT模型，观测结果将显示扩散是由木卫一的质量负荷驱动还是由木星中部磁场的活动驱动。这个项目的儿童读物将展示少数派和拥有不同观点的价值，以及多数派和接受和尊重少数派观点的价值。这本书将由行星科学研究所获奖的公众宣传团队制作。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The sun emits a stream of particles called the solar wind. The solar system presents a wide variety of obstacles to the solar wind in the form of planetary magnetospheres. Magnetospheres arise from the internal magnetic field of a planet and serve to deflect the solar wind from the surface of the planet. Mass from the solar wind hits the magnetosphere and is diffused toward the poles and then carried out behind the planet in a structure called the magnetotail. Io is a moon of Jupiter that also provides particles to its magnetosphere from within, and so it can be used to trace the flow of particles from within the magnetosphere. This project will use observations of sulfur and sodium ions to trace out the diffusion of particles from within Jupiter's magnetosphere to better understand the process of diffusion in magnetospheres. The project will use a dedicated telescope for their observations. The project will also create a children’s book, “The Misfit Telescope” with a companion website and social media stream that use the benefits of diversity in scientific instrumentation as a parable to illustrate the benefits of racial and cultural inclusivity.The proposed project will study the Io Plasma Torus (IPT) around Jupiter in order to gain insight into the Jovian magnetic field. The project will use the Io Input/Output observatory to make time domain observations of S II and Na lines in the IPT to determine the nature of diffusion of material. IoIO is a small-aperture robotic coronagraph that operates nightly, contemporaneously recording narrow-band images of the IPT ins S II. Combined with a model of the IPT, the observations will show whether diffusion is driven by mass loading from Io or by activity in the middle Jovian magnetic field. The project's children's book will show the value of both being in the minority and havingg a different point of view and of being in the majority and accepting and respecting the minority point of view. The book will be produced by the Planetary Science Institute's award winning public outreach team.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.