SCC-IRG Track 1: Advancing Human-Centered Sociotechnical Research for Enabling Independent Mobility in People with Physical Disabilities

这个智能和互联社区（S&amp；CC）项目将推进改善端到端移动性的方法，帮助那些在日常活动中依赖轮椅的身体残疾人士，并在建筑环境中遇到一些行动障碍。典型的移动性场景包括导航（即找到可到达的路线）和机动任务（即在受限空间内停放轮椅）。这些情况需要付出巨大的努力，并对身体残疾者构成安全和焦虑风险，对他们的生活质量产生不利影响。该项目吸引了广泛的利益相关者，他们从残疾角度（如残疾退伍军人）、患者护理专业知识和公共服务经验等方面进行融合，创造了以用户为中心的自主性，使身体残疾的人能够独立控制自己的旅行需求。项目范围将集中于上肢功能和/或感觉和认知领域没有任何重大损伤的个体，为未来的转化研究打开大门，将研究成果扩展到其他具有不同能力的群体。这个综合研究项目解决了关键的知识差距，并利用参与式设计过程：1)从身体残疾人士的角度发现成功的端到端移动系统性能的决定因素；2)整合新的导航和机动算法，支持残障人士端到端个人移动；3)研究增强用户与端到端移动系统之间共生关系的机制；4)探索有助于促进社区广泛采用的心理、社会和经济因素。在整个项目进行期间，研究小组中的一群身体残疾人士将不断为项目活动提供信息。此外，与项目利益相关者协调招募的两个研究小组将参与在实验室和自然现场环境中进行的人为因素研究，以测试和评估密歇根东南部安阿伯-伊普斯兰蒂地区端到端移动系统的实施情况。评估计划包括评估影响残疾人社区采用该系统的经济和社会心理因素。项目成果不受人口规模或出行距离的限制，可以应用于包括班车、铁路、按需车辆或即将推出的共享无人驾驶汽车等交通方式在内的移动场景，也可以扩展到各种已建成的设施和城市社区。希望成为智能、互联和包容的城市社区的城市将受益于这项研究的结果，将身体残疾人士的出行需求纳入其总体规划。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This Smart and Connected Communities (S&CC) project will advance methods to improve end-to-end mobility for people with physical disabilities who rely on wheelchairs in their daily activities and encounter several barriers to their movement in the built environment. A typical mobility scenario involves navigation (i.e., finding accessible routes) and maneuvering tasks (i.e., parking wheelchair in confined spaces). These scenarios demand substantial effort and pose safety and anxiety risks for people with physical disabilities adversely affecting their quality of life. This project engages a broad group of stakeholders with converging disability perspectives (e.g., veterans with disabilities), patient care expertise, and experience in public service to create a user-centered autonomy that will enable people with physical disabilities to independently control their travel needs. The project scope will focus on individuals without any significant impairment in upper extremity function and/or sensory and cognitive domains, opening the door for future translational research that will extend research outcomes to other groups with diverse abilities.This integrative research project addresses critical knowledge gaps and leverages a participatory design process to: 1) Discover determinants for successful end-to-end mobility system performance from the perspective of people with physical disabilities; 2) Integrate new navigation and maneuvering algorithms to support end-to-end personal mobility of people with physical disabilities; 3) Investigate mechanisms to enhance a symbiotic relationship between users and the end-to-end mobility system; and 4) Explore psychological, social, and economic factors conductive to promoting widespread adoption in communities. A cohort of people with physical disabilities embedded within the research team will continually inform the project activities for its entire duration. In addition, two study groups recruited in coordination with the project stakeholders will participate in human factors studies conducted in both laboratory and naturalistic field environments to test and evaluate the implementation of the end-to-end mobility system in the Ann Arbor-Ypsilanti area of southeast Michigan. The evaluation plan includes assessment of economic and social-psychological factors affecting adoption of the system in the community of people with physical disabilities. The project outcomes have no limitation in terms of population size or travel distances and can be applied in mobility scenarios that include transportation modes such as shuttle bus, rail, on-demand vehicles, or soon, shared driverless vehicles, as well as scale across a broad range of constructed facilities and urban communities. Cities aspiring to become smart, connected, and inclusive urban communities will benefit from the results of this research by informing the integration of mobility needs of people with physical disabilities into their master plans.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.