Understanding and Modeling the Impact of Occupant Energy Usage Characteristics in Building

了解建筑中居住者能源使用特征的影响并对其进行建模

• 批准号: 1407908
• 负责人: Carol Menassa
• 金额: $ 25.27万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1407908&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Modeling; Impact; Occupant; Energy

1132734 (Menassa). The objective of this research is to understand and model the effect of the difference in occupant energy use characteristics on total energy consumption in commercial buildings. To achieve this objective, data will be collected from public databases, real time monitoring of four buildings, and surveys of different building and occupant groups. The results will be used to develop and validate an agent based model (ABM) that simulates occupant energy use characteristics in commercial buildings. The research is targeted to result in fundamental contributions related to advancing the knowledge, understanding and modeling of occupant energy use characteristics for choosing and designing sustainable building systems. First this research explores a major problem facing building decision makers, and that is how to reconcile predicted and actual energy consumption in buildings by studying the effect of differences in occupant energy use characteristics. The second aspect of the proposed research is that it will develop, test and validate a model that studies interactions between different occupants in the buildings and their effect on energy consumption using ABM. This approach is designed to result in more accurate estimates of building performance because it will simulate occupants? energy use characteristics, schedule, as well as their location in the building at any given time during the da., and generate a list of equipment they are using to achieve reliable energy consumption estimates. Another important aspect of this model is the feedback during the building operation phase that will allow the decision maker to test energy conservation opportunities, and determine which of these will result in greatest and fastest influence on the occupants to change their energy use habits. This approach to understanding and modeling of occupant energy use characteristics focuses on the building occupants and the way they use energy, as opposed to the traditional approach that focuses on building systems and their expected energy requirements. There is a lack of information about how building occupants affect the energy consumption in buildings through their different approaches to energy usage. The results of this research are targeted to advance the knowledge related to occupant energy usage characteristics, and significantly affect the building design process. In addition, the dissemination of the project results through different media are designed to have significant impact of educating building occupants about their energy use characteristics, and its spiraling effect on the amount of energy used to support their activities. Building occupants will learn which energy usage characteristics result in significant reduction in energy usage, and how to apply this learning in their daily routines without affecting their productivity and overall wellbeing. In addition, the proposed research will incorporate student participation that is balanced as to gender, national/international representation and inclusion of underrepresented women and minorities through collaboration with the Center for the Integration of Research, Teaching and Learning (CIRTL) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW). Graduate and undergraduate students will be engaged in the data collection and modeling phases. In addition, this research will provide unique opportunities for recruiting and retaining women and minority engineers through the Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) and the International Engineering Studies and Programs at the University of Wisconsin - Madison. This will be supplemented by outreach to K-12 students through participation in summer activities organized by Expanding Your Horizons (EYH) Program.

1132734 (Menassa)。本研究的目的是了解并建立商业建筑中居民能源使用特征差异对总能耗的影响模型。为了实现这一目标，我们将从公共数据库、对四座建筑物的实时监测、以及对不同建筑物和住户群体的调查中收集数据。结果将用于开发和验证基于代理的模型（ABM），该模型模拟商业建筑中居住者的能源使用特征。这项研究的目标是产生与推进知识、理解和建模有关的基本贡献，以选择和设计可持续建筑系统。首先，本研究探讨了建筑决策者面临的一个主要问题，即如何通过研究居住者能源使用特征差异的影响来调和建筑的预测和实际能耗。拟议研究的第二个方面是，它将开发、测试和验证一个模型，该模型研究建筑物中不同居住者之间的相互作用及其对使用ABM的能源消耗的影响。这种方法的目的是更准确地估计建筑物的性能，因为它将模拟居住者？能源使用的特点，时间表，以及他们在数据的任何给定时间在建筑物中的位置。，并生成他们正在使用的设备列表，以实现可靠的能源消耗估算。该模型的另一个重要方面是建筑运行阶段的反馈，这将允许决策者测试节能机会，并确定哪些将对居住者产生最大和最快的影响，以改变他们的能源使用习惯。这种理解和建模居住者能源使用特征的方法侧重于建筑居住者和他们使用能源的方式，而不是传统的方法，侧重于建筑系统和他们的预期能源需求。关于建筑物居住者如何通过不同的能源使用方法影响建筑物的能源消耗的信息缺乏。本研究的结果旨在推进与居住者能源使用特征相关的知识，并对建筑设计过程产生重大影响。此外，通过不同的媒体传播项目成果，旨在对建筑居住者教育他们的能源使用特征及其对支持他们活动的能源使用量的螺旋效应产生重大影响。建筑居住者将了解哪些能源使用特征可以显著减少能源使用，以及如何将这些知识应用于日常生活中，而不会影响他们的生产力和整体健康。此外，拟议的研究将通过与威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校（UW）的研究、教学和学习一体化中心（CIRTL）合作，在性别、国家/国际代表性和代表性不足的妇女和少数民族方面平衡地纳入学生参与。研究生和本科生将参与数据收集和建模阶段。此外，这项研究将通过威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的本科生研究经验（REU）和国际工程研究和项目，为招聘和留住女性和少数族裔工程师提供独特的机会。此外，还将通过拓展视野（EYH）计划组织的暑期活动，向K-12学生进行拓展。