Understanding and Modeling the Impact of Occupant Energy Usage Characteristics in Building

了解建筑中居住者能源使用特征的影响并对其进行建模

• 批准号: 1132734
• 负责人: Carol Menassa
• 金额: $ 28.26万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1132734&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Modeling; Impact; Occupant; Energy

1132734 (Menassa). The objective of this research is to understand and model the effect of the difference in occupant energy use characteristics on total energy consumption in commercial buildings. To achieve this objective, data will be collected from public databases, real time monitoring of four buildings, and surveys of different building and occupant groups. The results will be used to develop and validate an agent based model (ABM) that simulates occupant energy use characteristics in commercial buildings. The research is targeted to result in fundamental contributions related to advancing the knowledge, understanding and modeling of occupant energy use characteristics for choosing and designing sustainable building systems. First this research explores a major problem facing building decision makers, and that is how to reconcile predicted and actual energy consumption in buildings by studying the effect of differences in occupant energy use characteristics. The second aspect of the proposed research is that it will develop, test and validate a model that studies interactions between different occupants in the buildings and their effect on energy consumption using ABM. This approach is designed to result in more accurate estimates of building performance because it will simulate occupants? energy use characteristics, schedule, as well as their location in the building at any given time during the da., and generate a list of equipment they are using to achieve reliable energy consumption estimates. Another important aspect of this model is the feedback during the building operation phase that will allow the decision maker to test energy conservation opportunities, and determine which of these will result in greatest and fastest influence on the occupants to change their energy use habits. This approach to understanding and modeling of occupant energy use characteristics focuses on the building occupants and the way they use energy, as opposed to the traditional approach that focuses on building systems and their expected energy requirements. There is a lack of information about how building occupants affect the energy consumption in buildings through their different approaches to energy usage. The results of this research are targeted to advance the knowledge related to occupant energy usage characteristics, and significantly affect the building design process. In addition, the dissemination of the project results through different media are designed to have significant impact of educating building occupants about their energy use characteristics, and its spiraling effect on the amount of energy used to support their activities. Building occupants will learn which energy usage characteristics result in significant reduction in energy usage, and how to apply this learning in their daily routines without affecting their productivity and overall wellbeing. In addition, the proposed research will incorporate student participation that is balanced as to gender, national/international representation and inclusion of underrepresented women and minorities through collaboration with the Center for the Integration of Research, Teaching and Learning (CIRTL) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW). Graduate and undergraduate students will be engaged in the data collection and modeling phases. In addition, this research will provide unique opportunities for recruiting and retaining women and minority engineers through the Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) and the International Engineering Studies and Programs at the University of Wisconsin - Madison. This will be supplemented by outreach to K-12 students through participation in summer activities organized by Expanding Your Horizons (EYH) Program.

1132734(梅纳萨)。本研究的目的是了解和模拟居民能源使用特性的差异对商业建筑总能耗的影响。为实现这一目标，将从公共数据库收集数据，对四座建筑物进行实时监测，并对不同的建筑物和住户群体进行调查。研究结果将被用于开发和验证一个基于主体的模型(ABM)，该模型模拟商业建筑中居住者的能源使用特性。这项研究的目的是为了促进对居住者能源使用特征的认识、理解和建模，以选择和设计可持续的建筑系统。首先，本研究探讨了建筑决策者面临的一个主要问题，即如何通过研究居住者能源使用特性差异的影响来协调建筑中的预测能耗和实际能耗。拟议研究的第二个方面是开发、测试和验证一个模型，该模型使用ABM研究建筑物中不同居住者之间的相互作用及其对能源消耗的影响。这种方法旨在更准确地估计建筑性能，因为它将模拟居住者？能源使用特征、时间表及其在开发期间任何给定时间在建筑物中的位置，并生成他们正在使用的设备清单，以实现可靠的能源消耗估计。该模型的另一个重要方面是建筑运行阶段的反馈，这将使决策者能够测试节能机会，并确定其中哪些将对居住者产生最大和最快的影响，以改变他们的能源使用习惯。这种了解居住者能源使用特征并对其进行建模的方法侧重于建筑物居住者及其能源使用方式，而不是关注建筑系统及其预期能源需求的传统方法。关于建筑物居住者如何通过他们不同的能源使用方法影响建筑物的能源消耗的信息缺乏。本文的研究成果旨在提高对居民能源使用特性的相关认识，并对建筑设计过程产生重大影响。此外，通过不同媒体传播项目成果的目的是对建筑物居住者的能源使用特点及其对支持其活动所使用的能源量产生的螺旋式影响产生重大影响。建筑居住者将学习哪些能源使用特征能够显著减少能源使用，以及如何在不影响他们的生产力和整体福祉的情况下将这种学习应用到他们的日常生活中。此外，拟议的研究将通过与威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校(UW)研究、教学和学习一体化中心(CIRTL)合作，纳入在性别、国家/国际代表性以及纳入代表性不足的妇女和少数群体方面平衡的学生参与。研究生和本科生将参与数据收集和建模阶段。此外，这项研究将通过本科生研究经验(REU)和威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的国际工程研究和项目，为招聘和留住女性和少数族裔工程师提供独特的机会。此外，还将通过参加扩展您的视野(EYH)计划组织的暑期活动，向K-12学生提供外展服务。