Socio-affective influences on neural and behavioural correlates of agency

能动感（SoA）描述了一种主观感觉，即某个特定事件是由我们自己的自愿行为引起的。正常的人类功能，特别是在社会背景下，取决于一个完整的SoA，以分配责任和估计一个人对特定情况的控制。然而，SoA可能会受到一系列上下文和情感变量的影响，这些变量迄今为止几乎没有被理解。拟议项目的目的是调查由于三个因素引起的神经和行为相关性的变化：社会排斥，这会影响一个人在社会交往中的控制和自尊;羞耻感，这与无法控制的失败感有关，以满足重要标准;作为一个群体的一部分，这已被证明会导致责任的扩散。理解由于社会和情感影响而导致的代理体验的变化将提高我们对由于这些影响而导致的感知，认知和行为的重要变化的理解。在三个不同的实验操作中，我们将诱导社会排斥，羞耻感和作为群体而不是个人的一部分行事的经验。作为对代理的行为衡量，我们将使用有意约束效应。有意结合描述了这样一种现象，即如果受试者感知到音调是由他们自己自愿的按钮按压引起的，则按钮按压和随后的音调之间的间隔被低估。我们预计，有意的约束将减少社会排斥，以及以下的羞耻感诱导，当参与者认为的效果是由一个群体行动。我们将使用功能性磁共振成像来比较与社会排斥和羞耻感引起的能动性变化相关的神经网络。在实验中，实施团体与个人的行动，我们将使用脑电图调查的变化，在神经处理的行动的效果。这项工作将提高我们的理解，机构是如何影响日常的社会情感的情况下，阐明这些情况影响人类行为的潜在机制。

The Sense of Agency (SoA) describes the subjective feeling that a given event was caused by our own voluntary action. Normal human functioning, especially in a social context, depends on an intact SoA in order to allocate responsibility and estimate the control one has over a given situation. However, SoA is likely influenced by a range of contextual and affective variables, which are scarcely understood to date. It is the aim of the proposed project to investigate changes in neural and behavioural correlates of agency due to three factors: social exclusion, which affects a person`s control and self-esteem in a social interaction; feeling of shame, which is associated with the perception of uncontrollable failure to meet important standards; and acting as part of a group, which has been shown to lead to the diffusion of responsibility. Understanding variability in the experience of agency due to social and affective influences will improve our understanding of important changes in perception, cognition and behaviour due to these influences. In three different experimental manipulations, we will induce social exclusion, feeling of shame and the experience of acting as part of a group rather than individually. As a behavioural measure of agency we will use the intentional binding effect. Intentional binding describes the phenomenon that the interval between a button press and a subsequent tone is underestimated if the subject perceives that the tone was elicited by their own voluntary button press. We expect that intentional binding will be reduced following social exclusion, as well as following shame induction and when participants perceive the effect to be caused by a group action. We will use functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare the neural networks related to changes in agency due to social exclusion and shame. In the experiment implementing group vs. individual action, we will use EEG to investigate changes in the neural processing of an action`s effect. This work will improve our understanding of how agency is affected by everyday socio-affective situations and elucidate potential mechanisms by which these situations influence human behaviour.