The significance of exchanges as a socio-economic phenomenon in rural societies in the Frankish period

该项目旨在根据选定的宪章清单，分析法兰克帝国时期乡村社会交换的影响。有许多关于房地产交易的宪章可以追溯到中世纪早期的法兰克帝国。这些交易对农村社会的重要性可以通过研究大型庄园的教会所有者的书面记录来追溯，因为它们允许获得关于教会财产演变和其他历史来源大多保持沉默的世俗人的信息。在此背景下，分析交易的参与者以及交易的程序，以判断其对农村社会关系的社会和经济意义。在这里，交易所与正在使用的其他交易的关系发挥着重要作用。特别是临时的土地交换经常被使用，与真正的永久有效的交换相比，需要精确的区分。这项研究的地理区域是900年前的法兰克帝国，特别是考虑到位于其东部和洛萨林根的教堂和修道院的宪章，这处理了大量和持续的文字记录。在这种情况下，有必要注意加洛林时期尺子的政策，他们以可追溯到古代晚期的罗马法为基础，通过措施来管理交易所。研究成果应以专著形式出版。将进行分析的交换章程应收集在一个数据库中，以便进一步用于科学目的。

This project aims at analyzing the impact of exchange in rural societies during the frankish empire on the basis of selected inventories of charters. There are numerous charters about exchanges of real estate dating from the early medieval Frankish empire. The importance of these transactions for rural societies can be retraced particularly by studying written records of ecclesiastical owners of large estates, because they allow to obtain information both about the evolution of ecclesiastical property and secular people about whom other historical sources remain mostly silent. In this context, the persons involved in exchanges as well as the procedure of these transac-tions are to be analyzed in order to judge its social and economic significance for rural socie-ties. Here, the relation of exchanges to other transactions in use play a major role. Especially the temporary exchange of land was frequently used and requires a precise differentiation in comparison to real exchanges of everlasting validity.The geographical area of this study is the Frankish empire until 900, especially taking account of the charters of churches and abbeys located in its eastern part and in Lotharingia, which dispose of large and continued written records. In this context, it is necessary to pay attention to the policy of the Carolingian rulers who regulated exchanges by measures based on Roman law dating from Late Antiquity. The results shall be published in a monograph. The charters of exchange which will be ana-lyzed shall be gathered in a database in order to be accessible to further scientific purposes.