Molecular understanding of novel hyperbranched polyphosphoester/amidates as multifunctional flame retardants

本项目提出了一种基于聚磷酸盐和聚氨基磷的新型超支化阻燃剂，具有精确调节的分子结构。目标是了解阻燃机制，并将其与聚合物的微观结构联系起来。基础科学将允许我们开发现代多功能阻燃剂：超支化聚合物阻燃剂不仅高效，而且具有高玻璃化转变温度和合理的机械性能，良好的相容性，同时在基体内具有限制的迁移率。高磷含量、额外的P-N键的协同作用、它们复杂的大分子结构和高分子量将被利用。本课题将通过烯烃复分解和自由基聚合合成新型超支化阻燃剂。这两种机制允许与控制单体合成的聚合物微观结构的精确变化。量为> 500g将能够掺入到不同的聚合物基质中，并产生合理数量的测试样品，以研究材料特性，热解，可燃性（对小火焰的反应）和火灾行为。本文对超支化阻燃剂的性能和分子结构的系统变化进行了全面的研究，将有助于从分子层面理解超支化阻燃剂的机理和结构-性能-关系。

This project proposes novel hyperbranched flame retardants based on poly(phosphate)s and poly( phosphoamidate)s with precisely adjusted molecular structures. The goal is to understand the flame retardancy mechanisms and correlate this to the microstructure of the polymers. Fundamental science will allow us to develop modern multifunctional flame retardants: hyperbranched polymeric flame retardants are not only efficient but also enable high glass transition temperatures and reasonable mechanical properties, good compatibility, and restricted mobility within the matrix at the same time. A high phosphorus content, the synergy of additional P-N bonds, their complex macromolecular structure, and high molecular weight will be exploited. In this project novel hyperbranched flame retardants will be synthesised via olefin metathesis and radical polymerization. Both mechanisms allow together with controlled monomer synthesis the precise variation of the microstructure of the polymers. Amounts > 500 g will enable the incorporation into different polymer matrices and the production of a reasonable amount of test specimens to investigate the material properties, the pyrolysis, the flammability (reaction to small flame) and the fire behaviour. This comprehensive investigation in the properties as well as the systematic variation of the molecular structure of the hyperbranched flame retardants will deliver the molecular understanding of the mechanisms and structure-property-relationships.