Interaction driven many-body phases of optically generated exciton ensembles in van der Waals heterostructures

该方案的目的是研究在最低温度和高激子密度下范德华异质结中强相互作用激子系综的相图和相变。特别是，各个相的基态性质应该通过它们的特定指纹来识别，即低能激发谱。范德华异质结构将从界面质量和基本电子能带结构两个方面进行表征和优化。基于协调一致的实验方法和申请者的专业知识，该提案旨在回答哪些激子相表现出与温度、激子密度和共存电子或空穴系综的密度相关的行为。此外，将从根本上研究各个相的基态的性质。范德华异质结构的临界参数应该优化，以便容纳相关的偶极激子系综，例如在玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中。多体态的基本性质将被表征和研究，为基于凝聚态的量子技术的可能应用奠定基础。

The aim of the proposal is to examine the phase diagram and the phase transitions of strongly interacting exciton ensembles in van der Waals heterostructures at lowest temperatures and high exciton densities. In particular, the ground state properties of the individual phases shall be identified by their specific fingerprint, i.e. the low-energy excitation spectrum. The van der Waals heterostructures will be characterized and optimized, both in terms of the quality of the interfaces and the underlying electronic band structures. Based on a concerted experimental methodology and the expertise of the applicants, the proposal aims to answer which exciton phases show correlated behavior depending on temperature, exciton density and the density of coexisting electron or hole ensembles. Furthermore, the nature of the ground state of the individual phases will be fundamentally investigated. The critical parameters of van der Waals heterostructures shall be optimized in order to host correlated ensembles of dipolar excitons, e.g. in a Bose-Einstein condensate. The fundamental properties of the many-body states will characterized and researched for possible condensate-based quantum technology applications.