Intrinsic direction-dependent velocities of articulators

许多研究表明，发音器的目标导向运动的速度取决于运动的方向，例如，用于舌背的升高与降低运动或嘴唇的伸出与缩回。然而，通常不清楚这些差异是否源于运动控制、空气动力学因素或声道的生物力学特性和限制。该项目的目标是系统地识别源于（内在）生物力学因素的发音器速度的方向依赖性差异，从而提供发音器生物力学的宏观语音相关表征。因此，唇，舌，软腭，喉和声带的运动学数据的获得和分析。实验范例是特别定制的，使得固有速度变得明显。此外，专门的技术，用于测量的velic运动和喉高度的发展。在发音合成和感知实验中分析了内速度对合成语音自然度的影响。这一项目的结果可能有助于，例如，分离生物力学和主动控制对运动语音数据的影响，提高发音语音合成的质量，并更好地理解声音变化和语音运动的内在时序等问题。

Many studies indicate that the velocity of goal-directed movements of articulators depends on the direction of the movement, e.g., for the raising vs. lowering movement of the tongue dorsum or the protrusion vs. retraction of the lips. However, it is usually unclear whether the differences originate from motor control, aerodynamic factors, or the biomechanical properties and constraints of the vocal tract. The goal of this project is the systematic identification of direction-dependent differences of the velocities of articulators that originate from (intrinsic) biomechanical factors, and thereby provide a macroscopic speech-related characterization of the biomechanics of the articulators. Therefore, kinematic data of the lips, tongue, velum, larynx and vocal folds are obtained and analyzed. The experimental paradigms are especially tailored such that the intrinsic velocities become evident. Furthermore, specialized techniques for the measurement of velic movements and larynx height are developed. The effect of the intrinsic velocities on the naturalness of synthetic speech is analyzed in articulatory synthesis and perception experiments. The results of this project might contribute towards, e.g., separating biomechanical and actively controlled influences on kinematic speech data, improving the quality of articulatory speech synthesis, and better understanding problems like sound change and the intrinsic timing of speech movements.