Beyond Kiel. History of science of the quantitative theoretical turn in German speaking Geography from historical network perspective and uneven geographies.

从科学哲学和科学实践的角度看，德国地理学史上所谓的“定量革命”，是该学科的重大转折点之一。同时，在讲德语的地理学中，对这一数量理论的转向并没有一个健全的历史分析。这门学科的故事在总体概述、介绍性文献、新理论概念以及非正式叙述中被讲述，只关注几个单一事件（1969年德国地理学家会议和Dietrich Bartels habilitation >Zur wissenschaftstheoretical schen Grundlegung einer geography des Menschen< 1968）。这种看待它的方式并不能经得起精确的历史调查，而是产生了一种有问题的、简化和矫直的地理学科叙述。基于科学史上的新方法和关于英语地理这一阶段的项目，我们提出了一个研究项目，旨在讲述定量理论转向的故事，这是一个比迄今为止更复杂、异质和矛盾的过程。该项目计划呈现的不仅仅是一个思想史的视角，而是将科学理解为一个社会的、具体化的、物质的和地方的实践。因此，该项目填补了目前学科历史处理方式的空白，目前主要侧重于古典地理学和景观地理学以及地理学与国家社会主义的关系。因此，我们提出了一个关于这个主题的双重方法：1)以历史网络分析的形式，以系统和广泛的方式分析20世纪50年代至70年代的德语地理。历史网络研究作为一种描述人、制度和知识网络中的关系、地位和相互作用的探索性方法，提供了一个机会，使中心行动者和事件/事件的前后制定和产生的叙述不稳定。2)在此基础上，我们计划以局部和特定地点的视角来展示，在>定量革命的统一/主导范式之外，有许多局部>定量革命<产生了独立和矛盾的理解<。这种地方性的定量理论思维方式在地理领域创造了一种比概念推理更多样化的实践。定量理论转向的史学分析在学科的历史视角背景下（就充分理解理论和概念的历史性的必要性而言）以及最近的问题（关于新定量转向和大数据的类似讨论在没有提及历史辩论的情况下进行）也很有趣，因此是一个紧迫的问题。

From the perspective of the philosophy of science and scientific practices the so called >quantitative revolution< in the history of German geography, is one of the disciplines major turning points. At the same time there is not jet a sound historiographic analysis of this quantitative-theoretic turn in the German speaking Geography. The disciplines story as it is told in general overviews, introductory literature, new theoretical concepts but also in informal narratives only focuses on a few singular incidents (German conference of Geographers in 1969 und Dietrich Bartels habilitation >Zur wissenschaftstheoretischen Grundlegung einer Geographie des Menschen< 1968). This way of looking at it doesn´t stand up to an exact historical investigation und produces a narrative of the discipline of geography that is in a problematic way simplified and straightened.Based on new approaches in the history of science and projects concerning this phase in the Anglophone geography we propose a research project that aims to tell the Story of the quantitative theoretical turn as a more complex, heterogeneous and ambivalent process than it is up until now. The project plans to present more than a history of ideas perspective, but to understand science as a social, embodied, material und local practice. Hence the project fills a void in the current way of dealing with the disciplines history, at present it focuses mainly on the classical and landscape Geography and the relation between geography and National social-ism.Therefore we propose a double approach on the subject: 1) In the form of an historical network analysis, which analyses the German speaking geography of the 1950ies- 1970ies in a systematically and broad manner. The historical network research as an explorative method to describe relations, positions and interactions in networks of people, institutions and knowledge, provides the opportunity to destabilize the ex-post formulated und produced narra-tives of central actors and occurrences/incidents.2) Based on that we are planning to show with a local and location-specific perspective that there were a number of local >quantitative Revolutions< that produced independent and con-tradictory understandings beyond the unified/ dominant paradigm of the >quantitative Revolution<. This local ways of quantitative-theoretical thinking in the field of geography created a more diverse practice than shown in conceptual reasoning. A historiographic analysis of the quantitative-theoretic turn is also of interest in the context of an historical perspective on the discipline (in terms of the necessity of an adequate under-standing of the historicity of theories and concepts) as well as for recent problems (concerning similar discussions about a new quantitative turn and Big data being conducted without men-tioning the historical debate at all) and therefore a matter of urgency.