Coordination Funds

定义和范围：优先项目旨在从基础科学的角度研究故意引入和控制结构和/或组成紊乱的材料的光子特性。这一新兴研究领域的最新发展表明，打破周期性为具有理想的、不寻常的和不可预见的光学特性的新型材料和器件开辟了制造路线。对于项目，必须确定人工合成或制造可见光和近红外波长范围的光子结构的设计规则。结合以下研究方向之一：•识别和表征具有源自无序特性的光子纳米结构的生物蓝图，•开发具有定制无序特性的理论和数值工具模型结构，•开发具有依赖定制无序特性的新型结构。优先计划的最终目标是理解、人工设计和制造一种新型的先进光子材料和定制设备，用于各种应用，其性能与2-D/3-D架构中的定制紊乱有关。然而，本计划中的项目不涉及超材料、单个等离子体天线或材料系统，如传统光子晶体，这些系统的定义性质主要来自有效材料或其周期性，其可能存在的内在无序是相当可忽略的或不希望的，只是由于任意制造不精确而发生的。与光子输运无关，但与电子输运、声波、物质波或自旋波等其他类波输运或散射现象有关的物质系统，无论它们是否发生在有序或无序介质中，也应排除在外。尽管在无序光子结构的制造中，化学功能化使自组装成为可能被认为是本优先计划中要讨论的有效主题，但基于dna功能化的自组装应被排除在外。该计划的重点是使用系统的科学和工程方法在材料中产生不同类型的定制紊乱，其中各种自然科学和工程科学学科合作，通过使用例如来自生物系统的灵感，物理学的结果，化学方法和建模的验证，以及材料科学和工程成就。将优先考虑结合至少两种特定科学学科的项目，以进一步促进本方案所表达的强烈期望的全面跨学科方法。

Definition and Scope:The Priority Programme aims at the investigation of photonic properties of materials with deliberately introduced and controlled structural and/or compositional disorder from a fundamental scientific perspective. Recent developments in this emerging research field showed that breaking periodicity opens fabrication routes for novel materials and devices with desired, unusual and unforeseen optical properties.For the projects it is mandatory to identify design rules for artificial synthesis or fabrication of photonic architectures for the visible and NIR wavelength range with tailored disorder, in combination with one of the following research directions:• identification and characterisation of biological blueprints showing photonic nano-structures with properties originating from disorder,• development of theoretical and numerical tools to model structures with tailored disorder,• development of novel structures with properties that rely on tailored disorder.The Priority Programme’s final goal is to comprehend, artificially design and fabricate a novel class of advanced photonic materials and custom-made devices for a variety of applications, the performance of which is related to tailored disorder within 2-D/3-D architectures.However, projects in this programme shall not be concerned with metamaterials, individual plasmonic antennas or material systems, such as conventional photonic crystals, that derive their defining properties primarily from effective materials or their periodicity, and whose probably present intrinsic disorder is rather negligible or undesired and just happens due to arbitrary fabrication inaccuracies. Material systems that are not concerned with photon transport but other wave-like transport or scattering phenomena such as electron transport, sound waves, matter waves or spin waves regardless of whether they occur in ordered or disordered media shall also be excluded. Albeit chemical functionalisation to enable self-assembly aspects in the fabrication of disordered photonic structures shall be considered a valid topic to be addressed within this Priority Programme, self-assembly based on DNA-functionalisation shall be excluded.The programme focusses on the generation of different types of tailored disorder in materials using a methodical science- and engineering approach in which various natural science and engineering science disciplines cooperate, by using e.g. inspiration from biological systems, results from physics, chemical approaches and validation from modelling, together with materials science and engineering achievements. Priority will be given to projects that combine at least two of the specified scientific disciplines to further promote the strongly desired overall interdisciplinary approach expressed in this programme.