German Geist on the Bosphorus. On the Reception of Ontology and Philosophical Anthropology at Istanbul University (1933–1960)

这个项目考虑德国哲学在伊斯坦布尔大学的接收，从1933年的改革到20世纪60年代。德国和土耳其之间的学术交流不应仅限于20世纪30年代伊斯坦布尔流亡学者的存在。必须根据更广泛的知识政治转移来重新评估它们。该项目考虑了在穆斯塔法·凯末尔、埃斯梅特·阿努和阿德南·门德雷斯的主持下，伊斯坦布尔大学哲学系接待的各个阶段。20世纪20年代德国哲学的竞争范式对土耳其民族和世俗化学术哲学的构建产生了决定性影响。1938年以后，哈特曼的“新本体论”和哲学人类学成为伊斯坦布尔大学讨论最多的哲学范式。它们被视为对传统哲学的某些理解的替代品，被视为对实证主义知识理论和逻辑实证主义的替代品，这两种趋势在20世纪30年代的伊斯坦布尔由流亡哲学家（汉斯赖兴巴赫和恩斯特·冯·阿斯特）代表。1950年后，这种接待和与德国的交流增加后，德国教授（海因茨Heimsoeth，约阿希姆里特）已在伊斯坦布尔定居。当时，土耳其学术哲学的主要代表人物是Takiyettin Mengürkolu（本体论人类学）、Macit Gökberk和Bedia Akarsu（语言和文明哲学）。

This project considers the reception of German philosophy at Istanbul University, from its reform in 1933 till the 1960s. The academic exchanges which took place between Germany and Turkey should not be restricted to the presence of the exiled scholars in the 1930s Istanbul. They must be reassessed in light of a broader political transfer of knowledge. This project considers the stages of this reception at the Department of Philosophy at Istanbul University under the presidencies of Mustafa Kemal, İsmet İnönü and Adnan Menderes. Competing paradigms from the 1920s German philosophy had a decisive effect on the construction of a national and secularized academic philosophy in Turkey. After 1938, Nicolai Hartmann’s “new ontology” as well as the philosophical anthropology became the most discussed philosophical paradigms in Istanbul University. They were perceived as a substitute for some understandings of philosophy which were deemed traditional and as an alternative to a positivist theory of knowledge and to logical empiricism, both trends being represented there in the 1930s Istanbul by exiled philosophers (Hans Reichenbach and Ernst von Aster). After 1950, this reception and the exchanges with Germany increased, after German professors (Heinz Heimsoeth, Joachim Ritter) had settled in Istanbul. Those who mostly embodied academic philosophy in Turkey were, at that time, Takiyettin Mengüşoğlu (ontological anthropology), Macit Gökberk and Bedia Akarsu (language and civilization philosophy).