Charity. A praxeological approach to practices of help under urban conditions

拟议的人种学研究侧重于各种各样的做法，产生的关系和星座的帮助。从两个研究领域开始，该项目感兴趣的是道德主体化，道德实践的情感和身体方面以及城市环境中良好生活行为的想象之间的相关性，特别是慕尼黑。 特定环境主张，与穷人和社会边缘化成员团结一致是特定环境下的另一种生活方式。团结城市的理想可以与欧洲及其他地区日益增长的政治和经济不稳定的看法联系起来。一方面，对不稳定环境的支持似乎是伦理主体化的中心领域。另一方面，在政治辩论中，在社会参与者的自我反思中，以及在那些应该得到支持的人中，帮助他人也受到批评。鉴于这些事态发展，该项目旨在了解那些试图提供帮助的人以及那些正在接受、拒绝或适应支持的人的自我感知和主观化过程。他们心目中理想的城市社会是什么样的？哪些经济或政治秩序受到实践的质疑，哪些是他们所维护和稳定的？计划中的人种学研究不仅侧重于对帮助关系的认识和想象，而且还关注慈善的身体和物质方面以及情感和情感模式的影响。从概念上讲，这项研究与城市伦理研究小组有联系，因为它根据该小组的共同观点提出了研究问题。该项目利用“多重责任”的概念（Trnka/ Trundle 2017），旨在更深入地了解社会创造力实践与政府技术之间的相互关系。伦理主体的构成和伦理力量在慈善关系和慈善实践中起着关键作用。在德国，慕尼黑通常被称为“心之城”：一个温暖舒适的地方，居民互相照顾。这与房价和生活成本相对较高的事实以及城市完全排外的形象不符。该研究将帮助的重点实践与特定环境、城市条件和慕尼黑的城市环境联系起来。它集中在慕尼黑当地背景下的两个研究领域：一个创造性的自由主义倡议，旨在照顾难民，并对城市管理和天主教机构施加政治压力，旨在支持妇女和家庭。通过参与观察和深入访谈的方法，民族志试图集中在日常的帮助，以及自我认知和道德话语的参与。

The proposed ethnographic study focuses on a diverse range of practices that are producing relationships and constellations of help. Starting from two research fields the project is interested in the correlations between ethical subjectivations, affective and bodily aspects of ethical practices and the imaginations of a good conduct of life in the urban context, and, specifically, the city of Munich. Specific milieus claim that solidarizing with the poor and the marginalized members of society is an alternative way of conducting life by specific milieus. The ideal of a solidary city can be connected to the perceptions of growing political and economic destabilization in Europe and beyond. On the one hand support for precarious milieus seems to be a central field for ethical subjectivations. On the other hand, helping others is also criticized in political debates, in self reflections of the socially engaged and by the ones who are meant to be supported. In light of these developments the project aims to understand the self-perceptions and processes of subjectivations of the ones that are trying to help as well as of those who are receiving, denying or adapting to support. What ideal urban society do they imagine? What are the economic or political orders that are questioned by the practices and which ones do they uphold and stabilize? The planned ethnographic study is focusing not only on the perceptions and imaginations of relations of help but is also interested in bodily and material aspects of charity as well as in the influence of emotional and affective patterns. Conceptually the study is linked to the research group urban ethics insofar as it puts the research questions in terms of the group’s shared perspectives. Using the concept of “Multiple responsibilities” (Trnka/ Trundle 2017) the project aims to gain more insight into the correlations between practices of social creativity and techniques of government. The constitution of ethical subjects and the power of ethics play key roles in relations and practices of charity. In Germany, Munich is often presented as the “city with heart”: a warm and cozy place where inhabitants care for each other. That is at odds with the fact that housing prices and costs of living are relatively high and with the city’s image as being utterly exclusive. The research links the focused practices of help to specific milieus, to urban conditions and the imaginaire of the city of Munich. It is concentrated on two research fields in the local context of Munich: a creative-liberal initiative that seeks to care for refugees and puts political pressure on the city administration and a catholic institution that aims to support women and families. By methods of participant observation and in-depth interviews the ethnography tries to concentrate on the daily routines of help as well as the self-perceptions and ethical discourses of those involved.