Development of artificial articular cartilage.

为了恢复表面关节成形术，其中最健康的软骨下骨，关节的应力降低功能的重要性，被保存，我们已经尝试开发一种人工关节软骨。我们选择了聚乙烯醇水凝胶（PVA-H）作为这种生物材料，它被认为是橡胶状稳定的凝胶。我们改进了该凝胶的合成工艺，并对其力学性能进行了研究。本文研究了新改进的PVA-H在人工关节软骨中的各种力学性能：润滑效果：在加载条件下，测量了玻璃板与试件之间形成的差距的厚度和流体压力的变化，PVA-H比聚乙烯（PE）具有更厚的流体膜和更高的流体压力;我们测量了冲击应力，通过试样的时间依赖性。PVA-H的峰值应力较PE低，持续应力时间较长，衰减效果较好;拉伸强度;哑铃形试样恒速拉伸的应力-应变曲线表明PVA-H具有软坚韧，PE具有硬坚韧。PVA-H（含水量20%）的极限拉伸强度为17 MPA，而PE的极限拉伸强度为29 MPA。PVA-H的变形特性与天然关节软骨相似，从上述结果可以说PVA-H可能是非常有趣且有前途的材料。

In order to resuscitate a surface arthroplasty in which most healthy subchondral bones, important in stress lowering function of the joints, are preserved, we have tried to develop an artificial articular cartilage. We selected as such biomaterial, Polyvinyl-Alcohol-Hydrogel (PVA-H)which had been recognized as rubber-like stable gel. We have improved the synthetic process of this gel and its mechanical properties. We have examined various mechanical properties of new improved PVA-H, from the aspect of its usefulness for artificial articular cartilage.Lubrication effect; On measuring the changes of thickness and fluid pressure of the gap, formed between glass plate and the specimens under loading, PVA-H showed thicker fluid film with higher pressure than polythylene(PE).Shock-absorbing effect; We measured the shocked stress, transmitted through the specimens time dependently. PVA-H showed lower peak stress and longer duration of sustained stress than PE, what means better attenuating effect.Tensile strength; Stress-Strain curve obtained by pulling the dumbbell form specimens under constant speed, showed that PVA-H had soft and tough properties, while PE, hard and tough. Ultimate tensile strength of PVA-H(20%water content)was 17MPA, while that of PE, 29MPA.Deformation characteristics of PVA-H is similar to that of natural articular cartilage and from above mentioned results, it is permissible to say that PVA-H might be very interesting and promising material.