Development of gas (vapor) separation hollow fibers based on green technology approach and new 3D woven design of membrane modules

需要创建针对当前问题设计的靶向膜。要求具有用于过滤和气体分离的集成膜系统。尽管对数百种聚合物作为潜在的膜材料进行了积极的研究，但只有少数材料被商业化。用于膜的聚合物的严格选择不仅取决于膜的性质，而且还取决于聚合物的流变学、机械和化学性质以及经济上合理的可用性。PMP在许多聚合物中具有特殊的地位，因为它符合上述要求。传统的以PMP为原料制备非对称中空纤维（HF）的工艺需要使用有害的溶剂和沉淀剂。本项目采用熔融纺丝技术生产PMP膜。此外，关于PMP的气体渗透性参数的公开数据有限。近年来，PMP作为膜材料的兴趣得到加强。在批准的RFBR No.15-03-03033的框架内，系统地研究了可渗透结晶相对PMP气体分离性能的影响。通过对PMP的理论和实验分析，确定了结晶相对气体分离性能的影响。该项目旨在通过无溶剂熔融纺丝工艺开发具有薄选择层的创新PMP HF。为此目的，必须发展在选择层的厚度上具有不同取向的微晶的半结晶HF中的气体和蒸气的传输理论的理论原理。HF的生产使用两阶段工艺进行。首先通过熔融纺丝工艺生产取向丝。第二工艺步骤包括HF的退火、拉伸和裂纹化。因此，有必要详细检查浸浴池中的银纹。特别感兴趣的是银纹对PMP HF的结构和渗透性的影响。这又需要开发用于测量气体（H2、O2、N2、CO2、CH 4）、低分子烃和蒸气在由部分结晶PMP获得的单独HF和HF束中的渗透性的测量方法。此外，3D膜的发展是通过编织检查。3D膜的开发提供了一系列新的易于扩展的膜装置，几乎可以满足任何形状的要求。TIPS RAS将专注于膜性能的表征，并将定义熔纺PMP HF和3D膜结构的框架。ITA将考虑对纤维的要求和3D膜的必要纺织结构来设计制造工艺。其中包括PMP HF熔融纺丝工艺的开发、银纹化工艺的设计和工艺开发。ITA对3D编织工艺进行了调整，以生产3D HF膜。

There is need for the creation of targeted membranes designed for current problems. It is required to have an integrated membrane system for filtration and gas separation. Despite the active study of hundreds of polymers as potential membrane material only a few materials are commercialized. The strict selection of polymers for membranes does not only depend on the membrane properties, but also on rheological, mechanical and chemical properties and economically reasonable availability of the polymer. PMP takes special place in a number of polymers as it meets the above noted requirements. Traditional manufacturing process of asymmetric hollow fibers (HF) based on PMP requires the use of harmful solvents and precipitants. The Project assumes the application of the melt-spinning technology for the PMP membrane production. Further, the published data on the parameters of gas permeability for PMP is limited. In recent years interest in PMP as a membrane material is intensified. The effect of permeable crystalline phase on the gas separation properties of PMP is systematically investigated in the framework of the grant RFBR No.15-03-03033. The theoretical and experimental analysis of PMP is aimed to determine the influence of the crystalline phase on the gas separation properties.The project aims at the development of innovative PMP HF with thin selective layer via a solvent free melt-spinning process. For this purpose, the theoretical principles of the transport theory of gases and vapors in semi-crystalline HF with different orientation of the crystallites over the thickness of the selective layer have to be developed. The production of the HF is done using a two-stage process. At first an oriented yarn will be produced via melt spinning process. The second process step includes annealing, drawing and crazing of the HF. Therefore, a detailed examination of the crazing in the immersion bath is necessary. Of particular interest are the effects of crazing on the structure and permeability of the PMP HF. This in turn requires the development of measurement methods for measuring the permeability of gases (H2, O2, N2, CO2, CH4), low molecular hydrocarbons and vapors in the individual HF and HF bundles obtained from a partially crystalline PMP. In addition, the development of 3D membranes is examined by weaving. The development of 3D membranes provides a new range of easily scalable membrane devices of almost any shape demanded. TIPS RAS will focus on the characterization of the membrane properties and will define the framework of the melt spun PMP HFs and the 3D Membrane structure. The ITA will design the manufacturing process taking into account the requirements placed on the fibers and the necessary textile structure of the 3D membranes. This includes the process development of melt spinning process for PMP HF, the design and process development of the crazing process. The 3D weaving process is adapted by ITA to enable production of 3D HF membranes.