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"Fiber Sage" - Development of a generalized material model for high performance fibers with incorporated nanoparticles

“Fiber Sage” - 开发包含纳米颗粒的高性能纤维的通用材料模型

基本信息

批准号：
178963302
负责人：
Professor Dr.-Ing. Thomas Gries
金额：
--
依托单位：
Gemeinschaftslabor für Elektronenmikroskopie (GFE)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/178963302?language=en
关键词：
Fiber Sage Development generalized material

项目摘要

Modern functional high performance fibers feature high mechanical properties on the one hand and outstanding functions like electrical conductivity on the other hand. The functionalization of the fibers can be achieved by a coating or directly by the incorporation of nanoparticles in the spinning process. For the second possibility, the specific adjustment of properties can only be reached if the mutual influence of polymer structure and incorporated nanoparticles is known. Unfortunately, there has been only small progress in this field although numerous studies were carried out. Above all, no model exists, which describes filament properties as a function of spinning parameters as well as type, geometric form, size and distribution of nanoparticles.In this research project, such a material model shall be developed, which is capable of predicting the main properties of nanomodified polymeric fibers. In the first part of the project, representative model systems (polyester and polyamide modified with carbon nanotubes (CNT)) were examined regarding the position and orientation of the nanoparticles, since these polymers represent the most important fiber materials and spinning parameters have a large influence on CNT orientation. For the exact determination of position and orientation, electron tomography was used to determine a three dimensional model of the nanostructure. The most important spinning parameters having an influence on the nanostructure and therefore on the mechanical properties are the spinning speed, the melt draw ratio and the solid state draw ratio. By comparing the nanostructure to the polymer structure determined by diffraction experiments, it was possible to show for the very first time, that the mechanical properties are not determined by the nanoparticles themselves, but by the changes in polymer structure caused by the orientation of the particles.In the following project phase, the material model shall therefore be extended to the component of polymer structure. The effect of nanoparticles on the polymer structure will be examined in detail by a parameter variation in the melt spinning process. Beside further parameter variations with CNT, layered silicates will be used as a model system for sheet like nanostructures, which have other effects on the fiber properties. The analysis of nanostructure is complemented by x-ray diffraction and scattering as well as electron nano diffraction to show the interaction between nanoparticles and polymer structure. By researching the relations between process, structure, nanoparticles and filament properties, an abstract model in the form of a neural network can be omitted and analytical equations can be used to describe the interaction. In the future, such a model could also be used to model further functionalities like electrical conductivity.

现代功能性高性能纤维一方面具有高的机械性能，另一方面具有优异的导电性等功能。纤维的功能化可以通过涂覆或直接通过在纺丝过程中掺入纳米颗粒来实现。对于第二种可能性，只有当聚合物结构和掺入的纳米颗粒的相互影响是已知的时，才能达到性能的特定调节。不幸的是，尽管进行了许多研究，但这一领域的进展甚微。首先，目前还没有一个模型能够描述纤维的性能与纺丝参数以及纳米颗粒的类型、几何形状、尺寸和分布的关系，本研究计划将建立一个能够预测纳米改性聚合物纤维主要性能的材料模型。在该项目的第一部分，代表性的模型系统（聚酯和聚酰胺改性碳纳米管（CNT））的纳米粒子的位置和取向进行了检查，因为这些聚合物代表最重要的纤维材料和纺丝参数有很大的影响CNT取向。为了精确确定位置和取向，使用电子断层扫描来确定纳米结构的三维模型。影响纳米结构并因此影响机械性能的最重要的纺丝参数是纺丝速度、熔体拉伸比和固态拉伸比。通过将纳米结构与衍射实验确定的聚合物结构进行比较，首次证明了力学性能不是由纳米颗粒本身决定的，而是由颗粒取向引起的聚合物结构变化决定的。因此，在接下来的项目阶段，材料模型将扩展到聚合物结构的组成部分。纳米粒子对聚合物结构的影响将通过熔体纺丝过程中的参数变化来详细研究。除了CNT的进一步参数变化之外，层状硅酸盐将用作片状纳米结构的模型系统，其对纤维性质具有其他影响。纳米结构的分析是由X射线衍射和散射以及电子纳米衍射补充，以显示纳米粒子和聚合物结构之间的相互作用。通过研究工艺、结构、纳米颗粒和纤维性能之间的关系，可以省略神经网络形式的抽象模型，而可以使用解析方程来描述相互作用。在未来，这样的模型也可以用来模拟更多的功能，如电导率。