Journalism and its audience: The re-figuration of a relationship and its influence on newsproduction

项目B探讨新闻与受众关系的重构及其对新闻制作的影响。虽然不同形式的受众监测和测量、参与和参与长期以来一直是许多记者日常工作的一部分，但新闻与受众关系的重新塑造刺激了新闻功能的根本扩展，即创造和分发内容，并承担新的任务，如促进和管理后续沟通、连接、互动以及与用户和用户之间的协作。这些发展深刻地影响了新闻业，其社会功能，以及它所产生的内容是如何被认为，生产，分发和接收的。然而，新闻与受众关系的重构并不是在所有新闻组织内部或对所有从业者个人同时发生的。在这里，特别引人注目的是，新媒体初创公司似乎将对新闻与受众关系的新理解置于他们如何构思和实践新闻工作的核心。本项目认为这些现象是相互关联的，这一考虑反映在其三步分析过程中。首先，我们将重建记者与受众的关系，在他们的所有方面（新闻角色观念，受众形象，参与，宣传等）。其次，我们将研究这些关系如何影响记者的工作和他们的输出。第三，这两个方面将进行比较研究，对比记者工作的各种组织环境;建立媒体组织或新闻初创企业，其中深刻重新塑造的新闻-受众关系可能已经是常见的做法。在方法上，这将通过使用多种方法设计来实现，该设计结合了重建-采访记者，他们将使用日记应用程序来记录他们与受众成员的联系，对参与者的新闻故事和相应的受众反馈进行内容分析，和网络分析，以了解受众如何在社交媒体上进一步传播经审查的故事。关于整体方案的目标-即研究在深度媒介化时代的公共传播的重构-项目B带来了对构成公共传播的生产者-用户星座的重构的分析。对于另外两个项目，项目B将提供理论和经验证据，说明组织模式对既有媒体运营和初创企业中的受众关系和新闻制作的影响（项目A对先锋新闻业的研究），以及关于何种受众贡献进入新闻制作过程的调查结果（项目C对个人公共关系的调查）。

Project B investigates the re-figuration of the journalism-audience relationship and its influence on news production. While different forms of audience monitoring and measurement, participation, and engagement have long been part of many journalists’ daily routines, the re-figuration of the journalism-audience relationship has stimulated a fundamental expansion of the journalistic function of creating and distributing content with new tasks such as facilitating and managing follow-up communication, connectivity, interactions, and collaboration with and among users. These developments profoundly affect how journalism, its societal function, and the content it produces are thought of, produced, distributed, and received. However, the re-figuration of the journalism-audience relationship does not take place simultaneously and uniformly within all journalistic organizations or for all individual practitioners. Here, it is particularly striking that new media startups seem to place a new understanding of the journalism-audience relationship at the very heart of how they conceive and practice news work.This project considers these phenomena as interrelated, a consideration that is reflected in its three-step empirical-analytical process. Firstly, we will reconstruct journalists’ relationships with audiences in all their facets (journalistic role conceptions, audience images, participation, datafication, etc.). Secondly, we will examine how these relationships affect journalists’ work and their output. Thirdly, both these aspects will be examined comparatively, contrasting the variety of organizational contexts in which journalists work; established media organizations or journalistic start-ups where deeply re-figured journalism-audience relationships may already be common practice. Methodologically, this will be achieved through the use of a multi-method design that combines reconstruction-interviews with journalists, a diary app that they will use to log their contacts with audience members, content analyses of the participants’ news stories and the corresponding audience feedback, and network analyses of how audiences further distribute the examined stories in social media.With reference to the overall package’s objectives – that is to investigate the re-figuration of public communication in times of deep mediatization – Project B brings in the analysis of the re-figuration of a producer-user constellation constitutive for public communication. For the other two projects, Project B will provide theoretical and empirical evidence on the influence organizational models have on audience relations and news production within both established media operations and start-ups (for Project A’s look at pioneer journalism) as well as findings on what kind of audience contributions find their way into the journalistic production process (for Project C’s investigation into individuals’ public connection).