Ideas of divine retribution in Tannaitic Literature

本专着的目的是追溯起源，形成和发展的Tannaitic思想的神罚，并在了解其使用的历史，宗教和文化原因。该专着特别侧重于贡献的想法，神的报应的自我概念的Tannaitic犹太教的发展，或者更确切地说，以创造一个Tannaitic身份，对一个受惩罚的他者。上帝是否会因为“他人”的差异而惩罚或奖励他？“其他人”是谁与此相反，在同一性领域会发生什么呢？是这些概念的神圣报应能够提供一个令人满意的解释陷入困境的Tannaitic时代，使可能成功地延续传统的父亲，并给予，以这种方式，生存的Tannaitic社区？这些只是本专著打算解决的几个问题。

The present monograph aims at tracing back origin, formation, and development of the Tannaitic ideas of divine retribution and at understanding the historical, religious, and cultural reasons for their usage. The monograph particularly focuses on the contribution of the ideas of divine retribution to the development of the self-conception of Tannaitic Judaism, or rather to to the creation of a Tannaitic identity as against a punishable otherness. Does God happen to punish or to reward the "other" because of his otherness? Who are "the others"? What happens, on the opposite, with the domain of identity? Are these conceptions of divine retribution able to provide a satisfactory explanation of the troubled Tannaitic era, to make possible a successful continuation of the tradition of the fathers, and to grant, in this way, the survival of the Tannaitic community? These are only a few questions which the present monograph intends to address.