The Last Supper Traditions of the New Testament in the Ancient Church

该项目考察了从第二世纪到第四世纪的古代教会文献中对新约《最后的晚餐》传统的接受，特别是所谓的“制度的话语”。指导启发性的假设是，古代教会对《最后的晚餐》传统的接受绝不限于对圣餐的引用：并不是每一个诉诸这些文本是功能上面向膳食神学或圣餐仪式。除了“圣餐”的用途，我们发现无数其他的主题复合体，使最后的晚餐传统的使用，这些文本是适应不同的方式，如。G.教会和基督论的话语，伦理和parenetic上下文，antiheretical或护教辩论，以及许多其他。在许多来源中，“圣餐”的背景已经预先假定，要么没有足够的推理，要么以一种无差别的方式。这阻碍了我们对不同语义潜力的看法，而这些语义潜力是古代教会接受最后的晚餐传统的组成部分。因此，本项目的目标是公开接受的多样性，并系统地绘制图表。在这种背景下，该项目打算写一个历史的发展语义潜力的最后晚餐传统在古代教会，特别是关于他们的关系，圣餐仪式。因此，项目设计有两个方面：（1）通过数字文本语料库和使用纯词汇启发式方法来“挖掘”研究数据，该方法可以以广泛而精确的方式访问源材料。作为收集和系统组织资料来源的工具，该项目使用了一个数字数据库，可以在数据收集和理论发展之间来回递归地对数据进行有效评估和处理。研究数据库将可供以后使用。(2)该项目的核心是对古代教堂中最后的晚餐传统的语义潜力进行接受研究的历史，这是建立在（1）中描述的广泛研究数据的基础上的。本研究旨在通过将这些语义潜势与古代教会的不同话语相联系，并将其系统化，从而全面了解这些语义潜势及其形成。由于比教条主义或仪式历史的问题更广泛，预计接待将涵盖尚未在其多元化和深度方面得到承认的主题领域。从一个综合的角度来看，这项研究提出，因此，神学的最后晚餐传统的第二和第四世纪之间的问题，即在形成的礼仪晚古代，因此试图克服一个中央desideratum新约圣经和晚古餐神学之间。

The project examines the reception of the New Testament Last Supper traditions, particularly of the so called “words of institution”, in the literature of the ancient church from the second up into the fourth century.The guiding heuristic assumption is that the ancient church’s reception of the Last Supper traditions was in no way restricted to references to the Eucharist: not every recourse to these texts is functionally oriented towards meal theology or the ritual of the Eucharist. Besides “eucharistic” uses, we find countless other thematic complexes that make use of the Last Supper traditions and to which these texts are adapted in different ways, e. g. ecclesiological and Christological discourses, ethical and parenetic contexts, antiheretical or apologetical debates, and many others. In numerous sources, the “eucharistic” backdrop has been presupposed either without sufficient reasoning or in an undifferentiated manner. This has obstructed our view of the diverse semantic potentials that is constitutive of the reception of the Last Supper tradition in the ancient church. Hence, the objective of this project is to lay open the diversity of the reception and to chart it systematically. Against this backdrop, the project intends to write a history of the development of the semantic potential of the Last Supper traditions in the ancient church especially regarding their relation to the ritual of the Eucharist. The project design, therefore, has two aspects:(1) The research data is “mined” via digital text corpora and by using a purely lexical heuristic approach that can access the source material in a broad yet precise way. As a tool for collecting and systematically organizing the sources, the project uses a digital database that allows for the efficient evaluation and processing of the data in a recursive back and forth between data collection and theory development. The research database will be available for subsequent use.(2) The project’s centerpiece is a history of reception study on the semantic potentials of the Last Supper traditions in the ancient church that is building upon the broad collection of research data described under (1). This study aims at a comprehensive understanding of the various semantic potentials and their formation by correlating them with different discourses in the ancient church and systematizing them. Being much broader than questions of dogmatic or ritual history, the reception is expected to cover thematic fields that have not yet been recognized in their plurality and depth. From a synthetic perspective, the study poses, thus, the question of the theological place of the Last Supper tradition between the 2nd and 4th centuries—i.e. before the formation of the liturgies of Late antiquity—and so tries to overcome a central desideratum between New Testament and Late ancient meal theology.