Behavior-Genetical, Physio-Biochemical, and Ecological Study on the Genesis of Individual Differences in Behavior.

该项目的目标是确定个体行为差异产生的原因和过程。使用近交系大鼠和小鼠进行了行为遗传学、生理生化和生态学研究。对大鼠的The和TLE （Tsukuba Emotional strain）、F344/DuCrj、Donryu/Hos、Long-Evans、Sprague-Dawley/Crj、Wistar/Crj和Wistar- imamichi /Iar品系在三种新情境下（open-field、Runway和I-maze）进行测试。在三种情况下均存在明显的菌株差异。采用The、TLE、F344/DuCrj、Long-Evans和Wistar-Imamichi/Iar大鼠连续10天进行跑道试验。2 .对行走分值进行主成分分析，提取“活动”和“情绪”分量。在有遮蔽和无遮蔽的露天田中对2株大鼠（Wistar-Imamichi和F344）和2株小鼠（BALB/c和C57BL/6）进行试验。虽然庇护所的存在使大鼠变得不活跃，但老鼠却倾向于犹豫是否进入庇护所。将The、TLE、Wistar-Imamich和Long-Evans品系大鼠置于限制食物条件下的野外围栏中，允许自由繁殖。缺乏食物使老鼠在一个观察者的访问中钻出洞穴。我们还发现饥饿的老鼠爬上了铁丝网墙。在实验室和野外条件下对Wistar-Imanichi大鼠的觅食行为进行了研究。食物的大小和巢与食物地的距离对觅食行为都有影响。

The object of this project is to determine the causes and the processes of the genesis of individual differences in behavior. Behavior-genetical, physiobiochemical, and ecological studies were performed by using of inbred strains of rats and mice.1. The THE and TLE (Tsukuba Emotional Strains), F344/DuCrj, Donryu/Hos, Long-Evans, Sprague-Dawley/Crj, Wistar/Crj and Wistar-Imamichi/Iar strains of rats were tested in three types of novel situation (the open-field, the Runway,and I-maze). The clear-cut strain differences were found throughout three types of situation.2. The THE and TLE, F344/DuCrj, Long-Evans, and Wistar-Imamichi/Iar strains of rats were employed in ten consecutive days of the Runway test. A principal component analysis of ambulation scores abstracted "activity" and "emotionality" component.3. Two strains of rats (Wistar-Imamichi and F344) and two stains of mice (BALB/c and C57BL/6) were tested in the open-field with or without shelter. Although the presence of the shelter makes rats inactive, mice were inclined to hesitate to enter the shelter.4. The THE, TLE, Wistar-Imamich, and Long-Evans strains of rats were placed in the field enclosure under food-restricted condition to allow free breeding. The lack of food made rats come out to the burrows on a visit of an observer. We also found that hungry rats climbed the wire-meshed wall.5. The foraging behavior of Wistar-Imanichi strains of rats was investigated under laboratory and field conditions. Both the size of food and the distance between the nest and the food-place were effective on the foraging behavior.