Research on the Relation Between Organizational Change of Company and Social Change

为了将社会变迁理论与人口生态模型结合起来进行组织分析，本文考察了组织生态模型在日本组织研究中的适用性。通过查阅目录和访谈记录，对5个地州的工厂组织和1个地市的公司组织的寿命进行了纵向统计。特别是利用神奈川县的数据对模型假设的有效性进行了考察，发现需要对种群生态视角的一些假设进行修正，才能将其应用到日本的组织中。首先，在对数据的分析中，我发现了一些显著的结构惯性的趋势，这是视角最基本的假设之一。1当组织环境不稳定时，我们可以观察到结构惯性的年龄效应，但当环境稳定时，我们不能观察到结构惯性。2我们可以在某些方面观察到惯性，如留在同一行业，但我们不能从资本和成员数量上观察到它的规模。3一个组织能否成功地适应它的环境取决于组织本身的初始条件，并独立于它在生命过程中所采取的策略。

In order to integrate social change theories and population ecological model for organizational analysis I examined the applicability of organizational ecology model to the study on Japanese organizations. I compiled longitudinal data about the life time of factory organizations in 5 prefectures and company organizations in 1 prefecture from back numbers of directories and records of interviews. Especially I used the data of Kanagawa prefecture to investigate the validity of the assumptions of the model.As a result, I found that we need to revise some assumptions of population ecological perspective to apply it to the organizations in Japan. Above all, In the analysis of the data, I found some remarkable tendencies of 'structural inertia' that is one of the most basic assumptions of the perspective.1 When organizational environment is not stable, we can observe an age effect on structural inertia, but when the environment is stable, we cannot.2 We can observe the inertia in some respects such as staying in the same industry but we cannot observe it in size in both capital and the number of members.3 How successful an organization can adapt to its environment is dependent on the initial conditions of itself and independent on the strategies which it adopts in its life course.