DEVELOPMENTS IN UPPER AIRWAY MUCOSAL INFLUENZA VIRUS VACCINES

共同粘膜免疫系统的概念给粘膜疫苗带来了新的亮点。需要通过疫苗对粘膜表面的直接抗原刺激来诱导粘膜免疫。流感是一种典型的粘膜表面感染，因此粘膜免疫在预防疾病中起着重要作用。沿着这一思路，我们研究了两种粘膜流感病毒疫苗，即浓缩灭活流感病毒裂解疫苗和冷适应的流感病毒活疫苗，这两种疫苗都能诱导全身和粘膜免疫应答。流感活疫苗仅对未免疫者有效，而灭活疫苗对未免疫者和部分免疫者均有效，说明鼻内接种流感病毒灭活疫苗比流感活疫苗更具有适应性。

Concepts of common mucosal immune system has given new high lights to mucosal vaccines. Direct antigenic stimulation to mucosal surfaces by a vaccine is needed to induce mucosal immunity. Influenza is a typcal mucosal surface infection and therefore mucosal immunity plays an important role in prevention of the disease. Along this line we investigated two mucosal influenza virus vaccines both give intranasally ; concentrated inactivated split influenza virus vaccine and cold adapted reassortant live influenza virus vaccine.Both vaccine induced systemic and mucosal immune responses. Live vaccine was effective only in nonimmune personnels, while inactivated vaccine was effective in both nonimmune and partially immune personnels.We conclued that inactivated influenza virus vaccine given intranasally was more versatile than live influenza virus vaccine.