Development of a dual-imaging sentinel lymph node detection method with the use of fluorescent liposome system

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A novel fluorescent liposome system was designed to aim at longer retention time in sentinel lymph nodes (SNs) and availability of extracorporeal detection of SNs at the same time. Liposomes were constructed with ICG derivative in which an alkyl chain was introduced, phospholipids and oily radiographic contrast medium, and tested in mouse models. Those showed immediate accumulation into primary lymph nodes and no further diffusion even five hours after injection. However, it was difficult to detect the accumulation with X-ray computed tomograph (CT), because of low maximum content of the contrast medium within the liposome. Thus, those liposomes were made into non-blurring tissue marker, aggregating with polyglycerol-polyricinoleate copolymer to make into giant vesicle clusters. Diffusion of this marker 18 hours after administered into gastric wall of domestic pig was scantling with infrared fluorescent imaging and 3D reconstructed image of X-ray CT. This marker could contribute to realize preoperative simulation and intraoperative navigation for laparoscopic resection of early gastrointestinal cancer with a single administration.