COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY ON PATHS TOWARD THE INNER CITY URBAN RENEWAL ; ON RESIDENTS COOPERATION

我们在Ichiterakototoi、Kyojima、Mano、Hirano、Nakacho-Atago和Takemidai地区的研究发现：(1)日本市中心地区面临着三个共同的问题：地区小工业衰落，人口和住房的减少和老龄化进程以及建筑结构陈旧。(2)地方政府的市中心更新项目是居民社区形成的起点之一。(3)市中心更新项目的效果通常局限于住房的改善，不是广泛的，如社会福利和社会教育。(4)市中心更新需要居民共同管理包括土地资源在内的环境的新规则。创建城市生活新规则是介于公共(地方政府)和私人(居民个人)之间的中间部门的一项重要活动。(5)在这种中间部门中，有影响力和知名度的地方组织是活动的代表。(6)社区结构从旧型向新类型转变，每个地方组织都有地位，相互合作，是基于居民自愿的城市更新的有效途径之一。(7)创建新社区结构的方法之一是建立一个地区青年协会小组。

The findings of our research at Ichiterakototoi, Kyojima, Mano, Hirano, Nakacho-Atago and Takemidai districts are the following :(1) The inner city areas in Japan confront three problems in common : decline small-scale industry in the area, decrease and aging process of population and housing and building structure antiquation.(2) Inner city renewal project by local government is one the starting points for residents'community formation.(3) However, the effects of inner city renewal project are usually restricted to the improvements of housings, not to a wide range such as social welfare and social education.(4) New rules among residents for co-managing of environments including land resources are required in inner city renewal. Creating the new rules in urban life is an important activity for the intermediate sector between the public (local government) and the private (residents individual) sectors.(5) In such an intermediate sector, influential and well-known local organization represents the activities.(6) Transformation of the community structure from the old type to the new one, where every local organization has even position and is in cooperation each other, is one of the effective path toward the urban renewal based on residents'voluntarism.(7) One method to create the new community structure is to establish an associational group of the youth in the area.