Developmental Studies on the Interrelations between Syntactic Development and Cognitive Development in Children.

本研究的主要目的是分析和阐明不同年龄段儿童句法发展与认知发展之间的相互关系。主要结果如下：1)1-2岁儿童语言和认知发展的跟踪研究。通过对儿童句法紧急情况的分析，我们发现：1)儿童句法紧急的时间段在很大程度上与认知发展量表所衡量的认知发展的过渡期不一致；2)符号游戏的发展与语言发展在时间上是一致的；2)句式…的句法语义结构意识的发展在所有儿童中都是一致的6岁儿童更多的表现力：本研究给20名6岁学龄前儿童布置了一项任务，即用符号图形来构建动词谓语句的句法结构模型，符号图形代表与句子的句法语义成分对应的疑问词。结果发现：1)约有一半的6岁儿童能够分析和构建给定句子的结构模型。3)儿童条件句解释和条件推理的发展研究：本研究对70名二年级、四年级和六年级儿童进行了条件句解释和条件推理的任务。结果发现：1)对条件句的解释有四种类型，即简化解释、析取解释、双条件解释和条件解释，并按顺序发展。2)即使不具备条件推理能力的儿童也能正确理解条件句，儿童对条件句和形式逻辑思维的发展解释之间存在着发展的分化性。较少

The main purpose of this study was to analyze and to clarify interrelationships between syntactic development and cognitive development of the children of different ages.The main results are as follows:1) The follow-up study on language and cognitive development of 1-2 years old children.In this experiment we followed up the language and cognitive development of three children from the age of 1 year and 2-4 months for 18 months. As the results of analyzing the data concerning of emergency of syntactic sentences, we got the following findings: 1) the period of emergency of syntactic sentences differed from each other among children to a great degree and it did not correspond temporally with the periods of transition in cognitive development measured by the cognitive development scales.2) But the temporal correspondence between the development of symbolic play and language development was observed in all children.2) The development of awareness of syntactico-semantic structure of sentenc … More es in 6 years old children:In this study we gave to twenty 6-years old preschool children the task of constructing the model of syntactico-semantic structure of verb predicate sentences using the symbolic figures,which represent interrogative words corresponding to syntactico-semantic components of sentences. As results we got the following findings:1)About half of 6-years old children could analyze and construct the model of the structure of given sentences. 2)Even the children at the pre-operational level in cognitive development could construct the model of sentences and high correlation was not observed between development of sentence awareness and cognitive development.3) Developmental study on interpretation of conditional sentences and conditional reasoning in children: In this study about 70 school children of the second, the forth, and six grades were given the task of interpretation of conditional sentences and conditional reasoning. As the results we got the following findings: 1) Four types of interpretation of conditional sentences, reduced,disjunctive,bi-conditional and condtional interpretation, were observed and the development proceeds in this order. 2)Even the children being unable to do conditional reasoning could interpret conditional sentences correctly and developmental decalage was observed between the development interpretation of conditional sentences and that of formal logical thinking in children. Less