A study on the sociospatial structure of the jouka-machi (castle town) grasped as the formative basis of the modern economic society in Japan

本研究的目的是通过对城堡城的社会和空间构成的分析，把握其背后的城市理想和社会经济制度，认为早期现代社会的城堡城为以市场经济为基础的现代经济社会提供了基础，并通过与欧洲产生现代经济社会骨架的荷兰城市的比较，阐明了构成日本现代经济社会形成基础的城中城的存在状态。1992年，我基于两种城市单元类型的理念考察了城中城的形成过程，解释了日本历史上的城市空间的经济代(辖区)和町(镇)。我澄清说，jouka-machi是通过重组和合成keidai和machi而形成的，而港口城市是jouka-mchii的一个外部城镇。1993年，我研究了jouka-machi计划的演变。我指给…看进一步指出，朱家町的城市结构特征存在于从等级社会构成向扁平社会构成的演变过程中，从封闭、封闭、分层的空间构成向开放、连续、统一的空间构成演变的过程中。最后，我在1994年考察了九甲町对外港口城市的社会构成和政治构成。我指出，通过街道可以看到由独立个体组成的社会和空间一致性，通过街道可以看到商业平等和空间开放，通过运河网络可以看到功能平等和空间连续性。我还指出，港口小镇产生了适合市场经济的城市空间。我们可以在16-17世纪的荷兰城市、17世纪的大阪朱卡町以及整个市场经济世界中找到这些特征。最后，笔者指出，这些特征是伴随着现代经济社会的形成过程，从行政交易到市场交易、从相互分配到市场经济的一般历史过程而产生的。较少

The aim of this study is to grasp the underlying urban ideal and the socioeconomic system through the analysis of the social and spatial composition of the jouka-machi (castle town) , on the point of view that the jouka-machi in the early modern society produced a basis for the modern economic society based on market economy, also to clarify the exiting state of the jouka-machi that functioned the formative basis for the modern economic society in Japan, by comparing with the Dutch cities that produced a bone of the modern economic society in Europe.In 1992 I examined the formative process of the jouka-machi on the idea of two urban unit types, keidai (precinct) and machi (town) that explained the historic urban space in Japan. I clarified that the jouka-machi was formed by means of reorganizing and synthesizing keidai and machi, and that the port town was established as an external town of the jouka-machi.In 1993 I examined the evolution of the established jouka-machi plan. I pointed … More out that the urban structural feature of the jouka-machi existed in the evolution proceeding from hierarchical social composition to flat one, and the evolution proceeding from closed, enclosed and stratified spatial composition to open, continuous and uniform one. I pointed out that the external port town of the jouka-machi could be seen as a climax of the evolution of the early modern Japanese cities.At last in 1994 I examined the social and apatial composition of the external port town of the jouka-machi. I pointed out that there could be seen the social and spatial uniformity composed of an independent individual, the commercial equality and spatial openness through a street, and the functional equality and spatial continuity through a canal network. I pointed out also that the port town produced the urban space that was suitable to market economy. We can find these features in Dutch cities in the 16-17th century, in Osaka jouka-machi in the 17th century, and all over the market economy world. As a conclusion I pointed out that those features aroused from the general history from administrated exchange to market exchange and from mutual distribution to market economy accompanied with the formative process of modern economic society. Less