Adsorption and Biodegradation in Biological Activated Carbon Treatment of Drinking Water

1992年，通过脉冲响应矩分析研究了生物活性炭（BAC）柱对有机物的吸附和生物降解，得出以下结论：(1)易生物降解物质的生物降解速率与生物膜载体无关。（ii）总有机物的生物降解速率也与生物膜载体无关，尽管由于不可逆吸附物质的存在，当活性炭用于生物膜载体时，观察到的速率更快。（三）生物降解产物的竞争性吸附大大降低了吸附能力。该方法可用于分别测定BAC的吸附性能和细菌活性。1993年对三卤甲烷前体在BAC处理中的行为进行了研究，得出以下结论：(1)在BAC处理中，原水中的三卤甲烷前体可以被吸附和生物降解，同时也可以通过细菌活动产生新鲜的前体，作为代谢产物和自溶产物。特别是后一个前体的控制是至关重要的，当应用BAC饮用水处理。(2)细菌自溶产物部分不可生物降解，容易吸附在活性炭上。BAC处理水中三卤甲烷的生成势受该特定物质的行为控制。提出了描述各种三卤甲烷前驱体行为的数学模型，并成功地模拟了实验结果。进一步的研究可能包括上述物质的所谓生物再生。通过将生物再生动力学引入数学模型，可以为科学设计和操作饮用水处理的BAC提供有用的工具。

In 1992, adsorption and biodegradation of organics in biological activated carbon(BAC)column were investigated by the moment analysis of the pulse response and the following was concluded.(i)The biodegradation rate of easily-biodegradable substances is independent of the biofilm support.(ii)The biodegradation rate of total organics is also independent of the biofilm support, although the faster rates were observed when the activated carbon is used for the biofilm support due to the existence of irreversibly-adsorbing substances.(iii)The adsorption capacity is significantly reduced by competitive adsorption of biodegradation products. It can be said that this approach is useful for measuring the adsorption properties and the bacterial activities in BAC separately.In 1993, the behavior of trihalomethane precursors met in BAC treatment was investigated and the following was concluded.(i)In BAC treatments, trihalomethane precursors included in raw water can be adsorbed and biodegraded, and also simultaneously fresh precursors can be generated by bacterial activities as metabolic products and autolysis products. Especially, the control of the latter precursor is crucial when applying BAC to drinking water treatment.(ii)A part of autolysis products of bacteria is non-biodegradable and easily adsorbed onto activated carbons. The trihalomethane formation potential in BAC treatment water is controlled by the behavior of this particular substances. A mathematical model describing the behavior of various trihalomethane precursors was proposed and successfully simulated the experimental results.The further investigations may include the so-called bioregeneration of the substances above mentioned. By introducing the kinetics of such bioregeneration into the present mathematical model, it can be a useful tool for designing and operating BAC for drinking water treatment on scientific basis.