Fundamental Engineering Study on Effects of Stress on Brain Metabolism

众所周知，许多人正遭受着日常生活中因压力而引起的疾病。为了克服这种状况，人们在各个领域开展了许多关于应激反应的研究。作为迈向这一目的的工程化方法的第一步，研究了通过血脑屏障和脑能量代谢进行质量传递的简单方法。体内脉冲注射实验技术的发展建立了一种简单的测量血脑屏障传质和脑代谢的实验技术，将放射性同位素示踪剂注入大鼠颈动脉，并在颈静脉测量流出物浓度的变化。所使用的示踪剂包括葡萄糖，它很容易渗透到血脑屏障，并在大脑中部分降解。简化的数学模型在第一近似下，提出了描述葡萄糖在脑内转运和代谢的数学模型，并用于理解如上所述的实验数据。所得到的总体参数与文献中的参数相比是合理的。体内灌流脉冲注射方法脑灌流和脉冲注射技术的成功建立，使有效积累化学物质血脑屏障传质数据成为可能。

It is known that many people are suffering from the diseases caused by stress in their daily life. In order to overcome this situation, many researches on the stress responses have been carried out so far in various areas. As the first step towards the engineering approach for this purpose, the simple methodology for evaluating the mass transfer through blood brain barrier and brain energy metabolism was investigated.1. Development of experimental techniques of in vivo pulse injectionA simple experimental technique was developed to measure mass transfer through blood brain barrier and brain metabolism, where radio isotope tracers were injected into carotid artery of rat and the effluent concentration changes were measured at cervical vein. The tracers used involved glucose which easily permeate the blood brain barrier and partly degraded in the brain.2. Simplified mathematical modelAt the first approximation, the mathematical model describing glucose transport and metabolism in the brain was proposed and used for understanding the experimental data derived as above-mentioned. The resultant overall parameters were rational as compared to those in the literature.3. In vivo perfusion pulse injection methodBrain perfusion and pulse injection techniques were successfully established, which made it possible to accumulate the data on BBB mass transfer of chemicals efficiently.