Comparative/Statistical Political Analysis on Formation and Transformation of Interest Group Structure in the Advanced Industrialized Countries

我打算提出一个全面的方案，使我们能够更好地掌握几个发达国家的利益集团的形成和转变。此外，我还希望通过纳入统计证据，为长期存在的政治制度理论辩论做出部分贡献。我一直在收集英国、新西兰、加拿大和澳大利亚的协会和协会员工数量的统计数据，这些数据是添加到日本、韩国和美国已经获得的数据中的。此外，为了完成关于上述所有国家的非政府组织以及非营利部门的量化数据，我与外国联合研究人员进行了接触，以交换必要的信息。我自己也去国外找过这样的数据。在稳步整理利益集团数据库的过程中，我对日本与韩国、亚太经合组织成员国、日本与…进行了比较和历史分析我发现日本利益集团有以下几个特点(详见参考文献)：1.日本在过去经历了4次利益集团形成热潮。2.与其他发达国家相比，中国的发展水平处于中上水平。3.它偏向与商业和工业有关的团体。4.民间团体的现状很难估计。这让他们的欠发达看起来很有道理。5.与欧洲组织相比，日本的国际非政府组织并不活跃。然而，越来越多的日本人参加了这样的国际组织。我一直致力于在这一政治学领域很可能处于领先地位的东西。也是为政治体制理论引入一种新颖而可行的视角。特别是，它将解释自上世纪90年代中期以来的政治不稳定时期。这表明了日本未来处理外交事务的战略选择的可能方向。此外，鉴于国际政治关系的不同层面，韩国等新兴亚洲国家未来将扮演什么样的角色，将是本研究不可或缺的一个方面。较少

I intended to address a comprehensive scheme to enable us to have a better grasp of the interest group formation as well as transformation in several developed countries. Also, I was hoping to contribute partly to the long-standing debate of political regime theory by incorporating the statistical evidence.I have been collecting the statistics about the number of associations and associations' employees in the Great Britain, New Zealand, Canada, and Australia which are added to the already obtained data of Japan, Korea, and the United States. Furthermore, in order to complete quantitative data about the non-government organization as well as the non-profit sector in all countries mentioned above, I made contact with foreign joint researchers to exchange necessary information. I also went abroad to find such data myself. As I was steadily finishing the data base of the interest groups, I engaged in the comparative and historical analysis between Japan and Korea, APEC countries, Japan an … More d the United States.I found the following characteristics about the Japanese interest group (for details, see my papers in references) :1. Japan experienced the upsurge of the interest group formation for 4 times in the past. 2. Compared with other developed countries, it's ranked in the upper middle in terms of development. 3. It is partial to business and industry related groups. 4. There is a difficulty to estimate the current situation of civil groups. It makes their underdevelopment quite plausible. 5. Int'l NGOs in Japan are inactive compared to European organizations. However, there is the increasing number of Japanese participants to such int'l organizations.I Have dedicated to what may well take the lead in this area of political science. Also it is to introduce a novel, but feasible perspective toward political regime theory. Especially, it would explain the politically uncertain times since the mid 1990s. It suggests that the possible direction Japan would strategically choose to deal with foreign affairs in the future. Moreover, in view of the int'l political relations at various levels, what kind of role that newly emerging Asian countries such as Korea would play in the future will be an indispensable aspect in this study. Less