Comparative and Empirical Study on Interest Groups and Civil Society Organization in China and other Countries

中外利益集团与民间社会组织的比较与实证研究

• 批准号: 12372001
• 负责人: TSUJINAKA Yutaka
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12372001/
• 关键词: China; Social Organization; association; Civil Society; Comparative Politics; Interest Group; Non-profit Organization; Non-governmental Organization; 中国政治; 社団; 政策過程; 地方政治; 共産党; 社会調査; 政治過程; 民間組織; 日中共同研究

In this project, a survey was administered by post to social organizations registered at each government and civil administrative jurisdictional level in the city of Beijing and the provinces of Zhejiang and Heilongjiang (2,858 valid responses were received for a valid response rate of 32.1%). The survey instrument consisted of a total of 65 questions, covering a wide range of topics including the circumstances regarding the establishment of social organizations, as well as their personnel, finances, and activities. Through the survey, the following points are revealed:First, in looking at social organizations as differentiated by type, academic organizations, despite having been voluntarily formed, have a high level of financial dependence on the government and demonstrate trends of integration with the government as well in their activities. In contrast, trade organizations, with their top-down organizational structure, have a unique financial base, make use of the personnel network … More shared with the government, and proactively undertake lobbying activities, demonstrating certain tendencies towards [being like] interest groups. Second, in terms of area, the social organizations of Zhejiang province possess a high level of independence, comparatively speaking, in personnel matters. The social organizations of Heilongjiang face challenging financial difficulties and demonstrate inclinations towards being dissatisfied with the currently strict social organization administration system. Third, in looking at the level at which social organizations are registered, it appears that insofar as the level at which the social organizations are registered is low, the percentage of voluntary establishment also decreases, and it is clear that in terms of finances, these social organization demonstrate tendencies of being reliant on the government. Fourth, in looking at the year of establishment, a high percentage of the social organizations that have come into being since the 1980s (in other words, comparatively new social organizations) were voluntarily established, and they demonstrate trends of being independent from the government in terms of both personnel and finances.With regard to the analysis, we utilized graphical analysis techniques, and each variable's relative proximity was diagrammatized to attain a grasp of the overall structure.The social organizations that were the target for this research are those social organizations within the national corporatist system in China, and this research is recognized as being a fundamental critical study in grasping the structure of China's civil society and changes within that structure. In addition, from similar studies undertaken in Japan, South Korea, the U.S., and Germany that included the same types of question items, in a country such as China that may be characterized by its trend towards having a special constitution in the past, the main accomplishment of this research is its contribution to the debate in comparative political science through accumulation of abundant and fundamental data concerning China. Less

本项目通过邮寄方式对北京市、浙江省和黑龙江省各级政府和民事行政辖区注册的社会组织进行调查，共收到2858份有效回复，有效回复率为32.1%。该调查工具共有65个问题，涵盖了广泛的主题，包括社会组织的成立情况，以及他们的人员，财务和活动。通过调查可以发现以下几点：第一，从社会组织的类型来看，学术组织虽然是自愿成立的，但在财政上对政府的依赖程度较高，在活动上也表现出与政府融合的趋势。相比之下，行业组织具有自上而下的组织结构，有独特的资金基础，利用人员网络……更多地与政府共享，并积极开展游说活动，表现出一定的利益集团倾向。第二，从地域上看，浙江省社会组织在人事方面具有较高的独立性。黑龙江省社会组织面临严峻的财政困难，对现行严格的社会组织管理体制表现出不满倾向。第三，从社会组织的注册水平来看，社会组织的注册水平越低，自愿成立的比例也越低，而且从资金上看，这些社会组织明显表现出依赖政府的倾向。第四，从成立年份看，上世纪80年代以后成立的社会组织（即较新的社会组织）中，自愿成立的比例很高，在人员和资金上都呈现出独立于政府的趋势。在分析方面，我们使用了图形分析技术，并将每个变量的相对接近度绘制成图表，以获得对整体结构的把握。本研究的对象是中国国家社团主义体系内的社会组织，本研究被认为是把握中国公民社会结构及其内部变化的基础性批判性研究。此外，从日本、韩国、美国和德国所进行的类似研究（包括相同类型的问题项）来看，在中国这样一个过去可能具有特殊宪法倾向的国家，本研究的主要成就是通过积累大量有关中国的基础数据，为比较政治学的辩论做出了贡献。少

项目成果

Ryosei Kokubun: "East Asian Security and Japan-US-China Relations"CHINA'S PLACE IN GLOBAL GEOPOLITICS, Routledge Curzon. 15-31 (2002)

Ryosei Kokubun：“东亚安全与日美中关系”，《中国在全球地缘政治中的地位》，劳特利奇·寇松。

辻中 豊編著: "現代世界の市民社会・利益団体1:現代日本編"木鐸社. 360 (2002)

Yutaka Tsujinaka编辑：《现代世界的公民社会和利益集团1：现代日本版》Bokutakusha 360（2002）。

団体の基礎構造に関する調査(中国)C-JIGSコードブック

组织基本结构调查（中国）C-JIGS密码本

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: 辻中豊編

中国のコーポラティズム体制と社会団体-中国社会団体調査(二〇〇一-二〇〇四)データに基づいて

中国的法团主义制度与社会组织——基于中国社会组织调查（2001-2004年）的数据

• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: レヴァイアサン 45号
• 作者: 小嶋華津子・崔宰栄・辻中豊

小嶋 華津子: "国家と社会のあいだ"国分良成編『中国政治とアジア』慶應義塾大学出版会. 第6章. 129-147 (2004)

小岛克子：《国家与社会之间》，国分吉成编，《中国政治与亚洲》，庆应义塾大学出版社，第6章。129-147（2004）。