Radiological and anatomical study on the development of the cavernous sinus and its draining veins in human fetuses.

本文观察了胎龄3 ~ 7个月的流产胎儿海绵窦及其引流静脉系统的发育。对静脉系统注入收缩材料的胎儿进行多方向立体声脑内发生学检查。在未注射造影剂的情况下，制备胎儿海绵窦周围颅底的连续切片用于组织学染色。放射学和解剖学观察结果总结如下：1）海绵窦在胎儿期开始形成，最初是颈内动脉周围的稀疏静脉通道（胎龄约3个月）。2）在4和5个月的阶段，海绵窦内形成丛状静脉通道，在颅外与眶静脉相连，在颅内与下静脉相连岩窦海绵间窦作为双侧海绵窦的连接通道出现，大脑中静脉在此阶段开始流入海绵窦。显微镜下，海绵窦内静脉通道数量增多，体积增大，形成于硬脑膜两叶之间; 3）胎龄6个月后，丛状静脉通道汇聚成几条大静脉，形成成人型海绵窦，连接眶静脉和颅内静脉。

Development of the cavernous sinus and its draining venous system was investigated in the aborted fetuses ranging from 3 to 7 months of gestational age. Stereoroentogenography was taken multi-directionally for fetuses in whom contract material had been injected into the venous system. Serial sections of the skull base around the cavernous sinus were prepared for histological staining in fetuses without contrast injection. Results of radiological and anatomical observations are summarized as follows ;1) The cavernous sinus is formed initially as a sparse venous channels around the internal carotid artery in the beginning of fetal stage (about 3 months of gestational age).2) At the stage of 4 and 5 months, plexiform venous channels develop in the cavernous sinus to connect extracranially with the orbital veins and intracranially with the inferior petrosal sinus. The inter-cavernous sinus appears as a connecting channel of the bilateral cavernous sinuses, and the middle cerebral vein begins to drain into the cavernous sinus at this stage. Microscopicaly, the venous channels in the cavernous sinus increase in number and size at this stage, and are formed between two leaves of the dura mata.3) After 6 months of gestational age, plexiform venous channels converge into the several large veins, and the adult type of cavernous sinus is formed to connect between the orbital and the intracranial veins.