The Acceptance of Western pharmacy in Meiji era, Japan

本研究旨在厘清明治时代日本接受西药学的地域特征。从江户时代到明治时代，日本出现了许多传统药剂师和专利药品。这些传统药剂师和专利药物是以中国和日本的旧医疗制度为基础的。对西方药房的接受意味着明治时代日本地区现代化的进程。根据1900年(明治33年)奈良县Gojo镇药师的笔记，我们发现了明治时代药师的分布和中成药的种类。药剂师们住在大阪、东京和其他日尔班地区，用西方材料制作了一些新的药物。但也有许多药剂师只使用中国和日本的传统材料。Runal地区的其他药剂师--Mie的Tamataki村，和歌山的Myotera村--使用西方材料生产了专利药物。西方人对西方制度接受的早或晚，并不是医药产地城市化发展阶段的结果。接受西药的地区性过程指的是消化、胃痛或流感等专利药物的效用。

The aim of this study is to clarify the regional characteristics of the acceptance of the Western pharmacy in Meiji era in Japan. Between Edo and Meiji era, there were many traditional pharmacists and patent medecines in Japan. Those traditional pharmacists and patent medicines were based on the old Chinese and Japanese medical systems. The acceptance of the Western pharmacy means the process of areal modernization in Meiji era in Japan.According to the notes of the pharmacists in Gojo Town, Nara Prefecture, 1900 (meiji 33), we found the distribution of the pharmacists and the kinds of the patent medicines in Meiji era. The pharmacists lived in Osaka, Tokyo and the other rrban area made some new kinds of medicines using Western materials. But there were also many pharmacists using only traditional Chinese and Japanese materials. The other pharmacists in runal area-Tamataki Village in Mie, Myotera village in Wakayama-had producted the patent medicines using Western materials. The difference of the early or late acceptance of Western system was not the result of the stage of urbanization of the production areas of medicines. The regional process of the acceptance of Western pharmacy refferred to the utility of the patent medicines for digestion, stomachache or influenza.