Trans-imperial Armenian Mobility and the Rise of Ottoman Tokat

该项目以托卡特市(亚美尼亚人ԵւդոկիաEwdokia)为例，考察了17世纪和18世纪安纳托利亚亚美尼亚人的流动性和文化。托卡特市是安纳托利亚亚美尼亚人的早期现代经济和文化中心。虽然对波兰-立陶宛(LWów-Lviv，Kamieniec，Zamość)、克里米亚、波斯萨法维帝国(伊斯法罕的新朱法)和君士坦丁堡的亚美尼亚人的早期现代史进行了更彻底的研究，但这并不适用于安纳托利亚。在萨法维-奥斯曼帝国战争的背景下，托卡特自16世纪末成为亚美尼亚的中心，东部战区的许多居民逃往托卡特的安全地带，并在那里建立了一个经济和文化中心，在伊斯法罕、亚美尼亚的精神中心以及波兰和摩尔多瓦的亚美尼亚社区之间进行调解。随着托卡特成为跨奥斯曼帝国文化转移的中心，波斯文化和中欧神学因此被独立地传达和进一步处理。从历史上看，这个时代对亚美尼亚人的研究总是被中世纪的亚美尼亚王国和现代亚美尼亚种族灭绝的史前和历史所掩盖。因此，很难研究现代早期亚美尼亚社区的安纳托利亚历史，因此重新评估它是一项重要的愿望。该项目基于零散的资料和大量关于托卡特历史的副本，以当代和后来的方式复制，因为当地材料没有从19世纪末和20世纪的暴力历史中幸存下来。托卡特可以被视为拥有亚美尼亚群体和网络的其他安纳托利亚城市的例子，这些城市肯定被认为是奥斯曼帝国和跨奥斯曼帝国历史的一部分。从方法上讲，将分析托卡特的人像数据和经济活动家、作家、翻译家和神职人员的传记；这些主要是在演员-网络理论的帮助下处理的。据推测，跨奥斯曼帝国的经济和文化网络是重叠的，而且参与者在萨法维帝国和波兰立陶宛网络中都很活跃(见Hakob Tokhattsi传记)。

The project examines the mobility and culture of the Anatolian Armenians in the 17th and 18th centuries using the example of the city of Tokat (armenian Եւդոկիա Ewdokia), an early modern economic and cultural center of the Armenians in Anatolia. While the Early Modern History of the Armenians in Poland-Lithuania (Lwów-Lviv, Kamieniec, Zamość), in the Crimea, in the Persian Safavid Empire (New-Julfa in Isfahan) and in Constantinople is more thoroughly researched, this does not apply to Anatolia. In the context of the Safavid-Ottoman wars, Tokat became an Armenian center since the late 16th century, numerous inhabitants from the eastern war zone fled to the safety of Tokat and built an economic and cultural center there, which mediated between Isfahan, the spiritual centers in Armenia and the Armenian communities in Poland and Moldova. Persian culture and Central European theology were thus conveyed and further processed independently, as Tokat became a hub of a Trans-Ottoman cultural transfer.Historiographically, this era in research on the Armenians was always overshadowed by the medieval Armenian kingdoms and the modern prehistory and history of the Armenian genocide. The Anatolian history of the Armenian communities in the early modern period has therefore hardly been researched, and its reappraisal is an important desideratum.The project is based on scattered sources and numerous copies on the history of Tokat, copied in a contemporary and later manner, since local materials did not survive the history of violence in the late 19th and 20th centuries. Tokat can be seen as an example for other Anatolian cities with Armenian groups and networks, which are definitely considered part of an Ottoman and Trans-Ottoman history.Methodologically, prosopographic data and biographies of economic actors, writers, translators and clergymen from Tokat will be analyzed; these are processed primarily with the help of Actor-Network Theory. It is assumed that economic and cultural Trans-Ottoman networks overlap and that actors were active both in the Safavid Empire and in the networks reaching to Poland-Lithuania (see the biography of Hakob Tokhattsi).