Artificial periodontal ligament with honey-comb structure using tissue engineering

本研究的目的是利用组织工程技术在种植体和牙周缺损周围建立人工牙周韧带。要形成功能性牙周膜，必须具备以下条件：首先，有机干细胞在种植体或残牙周围增殖，并由这些细胞合成胶原蛋白。其次，这些增殖细胞必须根据周围情况分化为牙周韧带成纤维细胞、成水泥细胞或成骨细胞，最后这些细胞合成胶原纤维、骨质或骨。首先，我们研究了成骨细胞在蛋白固定表面的行为。血浆表面修饰后，固定纤维连接蛋白、成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）和骨形态发生蛋白-2 （BMP）。大鼠骨髓中附着在纤维连接蛋白和FGF固定表面的成骨细胞数量较对照增加。这些细胞在BMP2固定表面的ne磷酸酶活性和骨钙素mRNA表达均高于对照组。这些结果表明，在O2等离子体处理后，蛋白质可以固定在基质上，并且可以通过将蛋白质固定在植入物上来控制生物材料周围的成骨细胞。然后，我们分析了用含氮双膦酸盐（N-BP）和帕米膦酸盐（PAM）修饰表面的钙固定钛种植体、纯钛种植体和钙离子固定钛种植体周围的体内新骨形成量。静脉注射荧光标记观察新骨形成。1周后，pam固定种植体周围形成的新骨多于钙固定种植体和纯钛种植体周围形成的新骨。3周后也可观察到新骨形成。4周后，bp固定种植体周围形成的新骨明显多于钙离子种植体和纯钛种植体周围。新的n - bp修饰钛表面刺激种植体周围的新骨形成，这可能有助于种植体治疗的成功。此外，使用氧等离子体处理将SVA固定在牙种植体上，可促进骨组织/种植体界面的成骨。这些结果表明，氧等离子体修饰能够固定钛种植体上的适当蛋白质，并有助于牙周韧带样组织的增殖。少

The purpose of this project was to create the artificial periodontal ligament around the dental implant and periodontal defect using tissue engineering. To create the functional periodontal ligament might be necessary to provide following conditions : first, proliferation of organic stem cells around the dental implant or residual tooth and synthesize the collagen by these cells. Second, these proliferating cells have to differentiate into periodontal ligament fibroblast, cementblast or osteoblast depending on the surrounding situation, and finally these cells synthesis collagen fiber, cementum, or bone. First of all, we examined the osteogenic cell behavior on protein immobilized surface. Following plasma surface modification, fibronectin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP) were immobilized. The number of osteogenic cells obtained from rat bone marrow adhering to fibronectin and FGF immobilized surface increased compared with control surface. Alkali … More ne phosphatase activity and osteocalcin mRNA expression of these cells on the BMP2 immobilized surface was greater than that of control groups. From these results, it is suggested that protein can be immobilized to a substratum after treatment with O2 plasma and that the osteogenic cells surrounding a biomaterial can be controlled by the immobilization of protein to the implant.Then we analyzed the quantity of new bone formed in vivo around calcium-immobilized titanium implants with surfaces modified using pamidronate (PAM), a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (N-BP), implants of pure titanium, and titanium implants immobilized with calcium ions. New bone formation was visualized using fluorescent labeling with intravenous injection. After 1 week, more new bone formed around the PAM-immobilized implant than around the calcium-immobilized and pure titanium implants. The was also seen with the new bone formation after 3 weeks. After 4 weeks, significantly more new bones were formed around the BP-immobilized implant than around the calcium ion-implanted and pure titanium implants. The new N-BP-modified titanium surface stimulates new bone formation around the implant, which might contribute to the success of implant therapy. Furthermore, immobilization of SVA onto dental implants using O2 plasma treatment resulted to promote osteogenesis at thae bone tissue/implant interface.These findings suggested that oxygen plasma modificantion was able to immobilize the proper proteins on the titanium implant, and contribute to proliferate the periodontal ligament like tissue. Less