Investigation of El-Zayyan Temple Site in Kharga Oasis, Egypt

根据探地雷达测量结果，选取10×10m的方块进行开挖。一些泥砖结构：直径约2米的窑炉之类的圆形结构，墙体切入圆形结构的长方形建筑，与圆形结构北侧相接的略微弯曲的墙，等等。此外，还出土了大量陶器，特别是许多陶器是沿着略微弯曲的墙壁发现的，形状完整。该遗址的一个显著特点是，陶器的数量和完整的形状比El-Zayyan遗址周围的其他遗址多。在这次发掘中发现的一些陶器被清理、修复和检查。与喀尔加和达赫拉绿洲其他遗址发现的陶器相比，到目前为止，这里出土的陶器的年代大致属于罗马时期，特别是科普特时期。通过观察寺庙周围的地表，有一些证据表明…中存在水发现了更多的过去和一些水道的痕迹。它们的位置由GPS测量并绘制在地图上。这些水道的痕迹向寺庙以西延伸2公里，周围发现了耕种的痕迹。这些痕迹和痕迹的年代尚不清楚，但它们对于重建El-Zayyan寺庙周围的古代环境和澄清绿洲的用水历史应该非常重要。数字化记录现在El-Zayyan寺庙建筑的三维形状已基本完成。尝试在数字化数据中记录挖掘的逐日进展，并尝试对沙子沉积物进行物理化学分析，以重建El-Zayyan寺庙周围的过去环境。根据渗透阻力的测量结果，将沙堆划分为板状、根状、硬质、粗粒、粘性、野外、湿润和倾倒等8种类型。测定了砂样的pH值、电导率、阳离子含量、粒度分布、Fe、Al、Si含量、有机质含量。这些分析的结果与砂岩的分类具有有趣的对应关系。通过比较各点的沙质特征，推测寺庙周围的环境由过去富水、富植变为现在干燥。发表了题为《El-Zayyan 2003-2006》的英文研究报告。较少

A quadrate area of 10 x 10 meters was selected according to GPR survey results and excavated. Some mud brick structures: a circular structure like a -kiln with a diameter of about 2 meter, a rectangular building whose walls cut into the circular structure, a slightly curved wall which meets the northern part of the circular structure, and so on. A large amount of pottery was also uncovered; especially, many of it were found along the slightly curved wall and have complete shapes. It is a remarkable feature of this site that the number of pottery objects with their complete shape is larger than other sites around El-Zayyan site. Some of the pottery found in this excavation were cleaned, restored and examined. Comparing with pottery discovered at other sites in Kharga and Dakhra oases, the dating of the pottery uncovered here until now roughly falls within Roman period, especially Coptic period.By observing the ground surface around the temple, some evidences that water had existed in th … More e past and some traces of water channels were found. Location of them were measured by GPS and they were plotted on a map. These traces of channels extend 2 km towards the west of the temple, and marks of cultivation were found around them. The date of those trace and marks are not clear, but they should be very important to reconstruct the ancient environment around the El-Zayyan Temple and to clarify a history of water use in oases.Digitally recording the three-dimensional shape of present El-Zayyan Temple building was almost finished. Recording the day-by-day progress of excavation in digital data was tried.Physico-chemical analysis of sand deposits was tried to reconstruct the past environment around the El-Zayyan Temple. By using results of measurement of penetration resistance, sand deposits has been classified into eight types: platy, root, hard, coarse, sticky, field, wet and dump. The pH, electrical conductivity, cation amount, grain size distribution, Fe, Al and Si contents, organic matter contents were measured for the sand samples. The results of such analyses have interesting correspondence to the classification of sand deposits. Compared characteristics of sand each point, it is assumed that the environment changed water-rich and plant-rich in the past to dry in the present around the Temple.A research report in English titled "El-Zayyan 2003-2006" was published. Less