Effects of reproductive systems on creation and maintenance of species diversity in Dipterocarpaceae

对马来西亚婆罗洲岛沙捞越热带雨林中龙脑香科植物的遗传结构和生态位多样性进行了研究，以探讨龙脑香科植物高物种多样性的形成和维持机制。主要研究结果如下。芳香鳞毛虫是一种蜜蜂授粉的新兴自由物种，开发了新的微卫星遗传标记。利用这些标记，对沙捞越兰比尔山国家公园52hm2长期生态样地中的一个种群的遗传结构和生殖生态进行了研究，估计异交率较高(0.72-1.00)，花粉传播距离较长(平均为179.6-355.7 m)。在研究种群的成虫中没有发现明确的空间遗传结构，这可能是由于异交率和原木花粉传播距离较高所致。结果表明：1.金龟子属昆虫传粉种在同一森林中均未表现出明显的空间遗传结构。内斯特…基于叶绿体DNA序列差异的更多分支分析表明，沙捞越在区域尺度上存在空间遗传结构，沙捞越中部的马来半岛单倍型多样性最高，并在该地区发现了祖先单倍型，这表明沙捞越中部是DryobaLanps分化的中心。兰比尔森林的两个共生物种芳香杜鹃和轮叶杜鹃在该属内遗传距离最远。兰比尔山国家公园52公顷长期生态地块第三次普查完成。对胸径在1 cm及以上的树木进行测量，并建立数据库。利用该数据库对龙脑香科等788种树种进行了生境生态位分析。在所分析的物种中，88%是栖息地专家，其空间分布明显偏向于物种特定的栖息地。龙脑香科物种间的生境分异程度显著高于所有种对，表明龙脑香科植物是栖息地差异较大的科。较少

Genetic structure and niche divergence of Dipterocarpacea were studied in a tropical rain forest in Sarawak on the Island of Borneo, Malaysia in order to discuss the mechanisms of creation and maintenance of the high species diversity of Dipterocarpaceae. Major results are the followings.1. Novel microsatellite genetic markers were developed in Dryobalanops aromatica, a bee-pollinated emergent free species. Using these markers, genetic structure and reproductive ecology of D.aromatica were studied for a population in a 52-ha long-term ecological plot in Lambir Hills National Park Sarawak Estimated outcrossing rates were high (0.72-1.00), and pollen dispersal distances were fairly long (mean : 179.6-355.7 m). No clear spatial genetic structure was found in the adults of the study population probably due to the high outcrossing rates and log pollen dispersal distances. Shorea curtisii, a beetle-pollinated species, neither showed clear spatial genetic structure in the same forest.2. Neste … More d clade analysis based on difference in chloroplast DNA sequence among 6 species of the genus Dryobalanops revealed a presence of spatial genetic structure at the regional scale in Sarawak and the Malay peninsular Haplotype diversity was highest at the central part of Sarawak, and an ancestral haprotype was found in this region, suggesting that the central Sarawak was the center of the divergence of DryobaLanps. Two sympatric species of the Lambir forest, D.aromatica and D.lanceolata, were gnenetically most apart within the genus.3. The third census of the 52-ha long-term ecological plot of Lambir Hills National Park was completed. All the trees with 1 cm dbh and larger were measured, and a database was established. Using this database, habitat niche analysis was conducted for 788 tree species including species of Dipterocarpaceae. Of the species analyzed, 88% were habitat specialists whose spatial distributions were significantly skewed to species specific habitats. Degree of habitat divergence between species of Dipterocarpaceae was significantly higher than that for all species pairs, suggesting that Dipterocarpaceae was the family that included highly divergent species in terms of habitat. Less